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Effect of soybean oil on atherogenic metabolic risks associated with estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized rats

Dietary soybean oil modulate atherogenic risks in overiectomized rats

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the cardiac biomarker changes in experimental bilateral ovariectomized (OVX) rats in addition to evaluating the role of soybean oil-supplemented diet to attenuate these alterations. Female rats were divided into four groups and treated for 2 months as follows: groups 1 and 2 fed with standard diet with or without 15% soybean oil. Groups 3 and 4 were bilateral OVX and received the standard diet with or without 15% soybean oil. The results revealed that rats subjected to ovariectomy exhibited an inhibition in estrogen and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and marked increase of lipid profile, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and VLDL-C accompanied with a marked elevation in atherogenic index, cardiac enzyme activity, tumor necrosis factor-α, and C-reactive protein. Signs of cardiovascular injury which included an increase in cardiac thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were concomitantly noticed with a reduction in the reduced glutathione, total antioxidant capacity, and superoxide dismutase. However, supplementation of soybean oil resulted in the restoration of the changed lipid profile and improved cardiac biomarkers near to normal values as well as improved inflammatory and antioxidant status. It was concluded that consumption of soybean oil may have a role in retarding atherosclerosis and risk of cardiovascular disorders associated with estrogen deficiency in ovariectomy status.

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Abbreviations

TBARS:

Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances

GSH:

Reduced glutathione

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

TAC:

Total antioxidant capacity

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

TL:

Total lipids

TC:

Total cholesterol

TG:

Triglycerides

LDL-C:

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol

VLD-C:

Very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol

HDL-C:

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol

AI:

Atherogenic index

AST:

Aspartate transaminase

ALT:

Alanine transaminase

CK:

Creatinine kinase

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor-α

CRP:

C-reactive protein

NC:

Normal control

SO:

Soybean oil

OVX:

Ovariectomized

PUFAs:

Polyunsaturated fatty acids

LPO:

Lipid peroxidation

CVD:

Cardiovascular diseases

ECs:

Endothelial cells

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The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

    Hanaa A. Hassan

  2. Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

    Mosaad A. Abdel-Wahhab

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  1. Hanaa A. Hassan
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  2. Mosaad A. Abdel-Wahhab
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Correspondence to Hanaa A. Hassan.

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Hassan, H.A., Abdel-Wahhab, M.A. Effect of soybean oil on atherogenic metabolic risks associated with estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized rats. J Physiol Biochem 68, 247–253 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-011-0137-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-011-0137-8

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