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Endogenous Regulatory T Cells Promote M2 Macrophage Phenotype in Diabetic Stroke as Visualized by Optical Imaging

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Abstract

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an immunosuppressive role in various diseases, yet their function remains controversial in stroke and obscure in diabetic stroke. In the present study, Tregs were found downregulated in the peripheral blood of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) stroke models and patients compared with controls. In ischemic stroke mice (both T2DM and wild type), endogenous Tregs boosted by CD28SA increased CD206+ M2 macrophage/microglia cells, decreased infarct volumes, and improved neurological recovery. Our results demonstrated the potential of boosting Tregs for treating T2DM stroke. Furthermore, we utilized an optical imaging probe (IRD-αCD206) to target M2 macrophage/microglia cells and demonstrated its effect in visualizing M2 macrophage/microglia cells in vivo in ischemic brain tissue.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China (NSFC, 81525014), National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, 81830053), National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, 81901809), Jiangsu Provincial Special Program of Medical Science (BL2103029), and the Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province (BE2016782).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, China

    Yu Cai, Ting-Ting Xu, Chun-Qiang Lu, Yuan-Yuan Ma, Di Chang, Yi Zhang, Xiao-Chun Gu & Shenghong Ju

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  1. Yu Cai
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Correspondence to Shenghong Ju.

Ethics declarations

The animal experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Use and Care Committee (IAUCC) of the Medical School of Southeast University (Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; approval ID: SYXK-20130413275). All experiments were performed and reported according to the Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE) guidelines [15]. Human study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee for Clinical Research of Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University as per the World Medical Association outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki (No. 2013ZDSYLL094.0).

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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We followed all institutional and national guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals and the study of human subjects.

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Cai, Y., Xu, TT., Lu, CQ. et al. Endogenous Regulatory T Cells Promote M2 Macrophage Phenotype in Diabetic Stroke as Visualized by Optical Imaging. Transl. Stroke Res. 12, 136–146 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-020-00808-x

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