Abstract
We document the isolation and characterization of novel tetranucleotide microsatellite DNA markers for the invasive silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and provide the results of cross-species amplification for three additional invasive carp species: bighead (H. nobilis), grass (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and black (Mylopharyngodon piceus). In the target species these markers yielded levels of allelic diversity (average 4.4 alleles/locus) and heterozygosity (average 54.7%) sufficient to: (1) provide unique multilocus genotypes; (2) delineate kinship relationships; (3) differentiate populations/species; (4) estimate effective population sizes; and (5) provide unique demographic perspectives for control or eradication. Currently these markers are being utilized to determine the degree of introgressive hybridization between H. molitrix and H. nobilis, to quantify gene flow between different sub-basins established in the central United States, and to assess the demographic status of sub-basin groups. This information will be critically important in the management/control of these invasive species.
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Acknowledgments
This research was co-funded by the U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS) Leetown Science Center, Columbia Environmental Research Center, and the USGS Invasive Species Program. The authors wish to thank Sharon Gross (USGS, Invasive Species Program Coordinator, Reston, Virginia) for supporting this project. We wish to thank Kevin Irons, Illinois Natural History Survey for providing tissue samples from the silver carp and Mike Freeze, Keo Fish Farms, Keo, Arkansas for providing the black carp samples. We would like to thank Cheryl Morrison and John Switzer for reviewing an earlier version of the manuscript.
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King, T.L., Eackles, M.S. & Chapman, D.C. Tools for assessing kinship, population structure, phylogeography, and interspecific hybridization in Asian carps invasive to the Mississippi River, USA: isolation and characterization of novel tetranucleotide microsatellite DNA loci in silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix . Conservation Genet Resour 3, 397–401 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12686-010-9285-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12686-010-9285-3