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A Pilot Randomized Trial of a Mindfulness-Informed Intervention for Child Welfare-Involved Families

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A Correction to this article was published on 05 September 2018

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Abstract

Families exposed to maltreatment have high rates of co-occurring substance misuse. Yet, few child welfare interventions concurrently address both child maltreatment and parental substance misuse and, therefore, fail to intervene around their shared precipitants. Mindfulness is one approach that shows promise in cultivating awareness and self-regulation skills, which may in turn promote healthy family functioning. This pilot study used a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test the initial efficacy of a six-session mindfulness-informed intervention on proximal (parenting stress, heart rate variability, coping, and mindfulness) and distal (parental substance misuse, child maltreatment potential, and child behavior) domains of family functioning. Participants included 28 child welfare-involved parents with children (birth-16 years) randomized to the mindfulness-informed intervention or wait-list control group. Intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses were conducted on the entire randomized sample for all self-report outcome measures, and repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted as secondary analyses on the per protocol sample (N = 21) for heart rate variability. ITT analyses indicated significant group by time differences, with intervention participants demonstrating reductions in parenting stress (p < 0.05, Cohen’s d = 0.98), child abuse potential (p < 0.05, Cohen’s d = 1.03), and child behavior problems (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 3.28), and improvements in mindfulness awareness (p < 0.01, Cohen’s d = 1.37) and non-judgment (p < 0.05, Cohen’s d = 1.21) compared to the control group from pre- to post-assessment. In addition, repeated measures ANOVAs indicated significant group by time differences on participant heart rate variability from pre- to post-assessment (p < 0.01, Cohen’s d = 1.67). Future directions for child welfare practice and intervention development and testing are discussed.

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Acknowledgements

Funding for this study was provided by the New York Community Trust Fahs-Beck Fund for Research and Experimentation, the American Psychological Association Section on Child Maltreatment, and the Society for Social Work and Research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Social Work, College of Health and Human Sciences, Colorado State University, 1586 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA

    Samantha M. Brown

  2. Graduate School of Social Work, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA

    Kimberly A. Bender, Jennifer L. Bellamy & Jeffrey M. Jenson

  3. College of Social Work, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

    Eric L. Garland

  4. Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA

    Julia Dmitrieva

Authors
  1. Samantha M. Brown
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  2. Kimberly A. Bender
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  3. Jennifer L. Bellamy
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  4. Eric L. Garland
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  5. Julia Dmitrieva
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  6. Jeffrey M. Jenson
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Contributions

SB: Designed and implemented the intervention and the study, conducted data analysis, and wrote the manuscript. KB collaborated with the study design and writing of the manuscript. JB collaborated with the study design and writing of the manuscript. EG collaborated with the design of the intervention and writing of the manuscript. JD assisted with data analysis. JJ collaborated with the study design and writing of the manuscript. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript for submission.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Samantha M. Brown.

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Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human subjects were in accordance with the ethical standards of the University of Denver Institutional Review Board and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.

Informed Consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Additional information

The original version of this article was revised: In the original online publication of this article, the direction and significance of effect sizes in Table 2 were omitted and have been included in this erratum.

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Brown, S.M., Bender, K.A., Bellamy, J.L. et al. A Pilot Randomized Trial of a Mindfulness-Informed Intervention for Child Welfare-Involved Families. Mindfulness 12, 420–435 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-018-1001-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-018-1001-5

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