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Comparing Self-Compassion, Mindfulness, and Psychological Inflexibility as Predictors of Psychological Health

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Abstract

Self-compassion, mindfulness, and psychological inflexibility, constructs associated with mindfulness-based interventions, have demonstrated associations with multiple aspects of psychological health. However, a very limited body of research has analyzed the relative predictive strength among mindfulness-related constructs. Regression analyses were performed to determine the common and unique variance in psychological health predicted by these constructs and to compare their relative predictive strength in a nonclinical sample of 147 undergraduate students at a Mid-Atlantic university. Consistent with previous research, self-compassion demonstrated a stronger ability than single-factor mindfulness to predict variance in psychological health. However, results were mixed when a multifaceted measure of mindfulness was considered. Self-compassion predicted greater variance than multifaceted mindfulness when prediction was based on one total score, but not when individual subscales were analyzed. Psychological inflexibility predicted greater variance than did self-compassion for negative indicators of psychological health. Results suggest that self-compassion and psychological inflexibility may demonstrate greater associations with psychological health than single scores of mindfulness and that important predictive power is lost, particularly from the nonreactivity facet, when multifaceted mindfulness is consolidated into a single score.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, 20064, USA

    Scott C. Woodruff, Carol R. Glass, Diane B. Arnkoff, Kevin J. Crowley, Robert K. Hindman & Elizabeth W. Hirschhorn

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  1. Scott C. Woodruff
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  2. Carol R. Glass
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  3. Diane B. Arnkoff
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  4. Kevin J. Crowley
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Correspondence to Scott C. Woodruff.

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Woodruff, S.C., Glass, C.R., Arnkoff, D.B. et al. Comparing Self-Compassion, Mindfulness, and Psychological Inflexibility as Predictors of Psychological Health. Mindfulness 5, 410–421 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-013-0195-9

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