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Quantitative and qualitative assessment of collector-drainage waters in Aral Sea Basin: trends in Jizzakh region, Republic of Uzbekistan

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Abstract

Reintroduction of highly mineralized Collector-Drainage Waters (CDW) enhances the salinity of inland waterbodies and limits water suitability for downstream users. Detailed quantitative and qualitative research based on the inter-annual and multiyear generation trends of CDW in Central Asia could help to improve the irrigation system for agriculture and furthermore in determining opportunities for reutilization and biodiversity protection. This is the first long-term research designed to study the discharge, salinity, and ionic composition of CDW in the Jizzakh region (Uzbekistan). A database of field measurements of salinity gathered during the field expeditions from 2000 to 2017 was used in the study. Spring season showed highest CDW discharge where April showed maximum while lowermost was recorded for summers, especially during August. All main collectors showed continuous increments in salinity over the last two decades. This was neither in correlation with CDW discharge nor salinity changes from the irrigation water source (Syrdarya river). A considerable increase of collectors’ salinity within the range of 18%–37% was observed from upstream to downstream. The highest salinity values were observed during spring and lowest for summer with even lesser degree for the winter season. Among anions, sulfates were predominant followed by chlorides and bicarbonates; among cations, sodium was predominant followed by calcium and magnesium, which is different from the ionic composition of the water source. The study revealed that increased CDW discharge has not always resulted in low salinity and that high water years have not always caused a decline in CDW salinity showing that CDW discharge and salinity had differential dependence on each other.

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Funding

This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1603242), Chinese Academy of Sciences President’s International Fellowship Initiative (Grant No. 2018VCA0007) and the Science and Technology Service Network Initiative (Y838031).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China

    Rashid Kulmatov & Jilili Abuduwaili

  2. National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100170, Uzbekistan

    Rashid Kulmatov, Jasur Mirzaev & Abdurazzak Taylakov

  3. CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Urumqi, 830011, China

    Jilili Abuduwaili

  4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Jilili Abuduwaili

  5. Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers, Tashkent, 100000, Uzbekistan

    Bakhtiyor Karimov

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  1. Rashid Kulmatov
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  2. Jasur Mirzaev
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  3. Abdurazzak Taylakov
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  4. Jilili Abuduwaili
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  5. Bakhtiyor Karimov
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analyses were performed by J. Mirzaev, A. Taylakov, J.Abuduwaili and B. Karimov. The first draft of the manuscript was written by R. Kulmatov and considerably redrafted and improved by B. Karimov and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Bakhtiyor Karimov.

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Kulmatov, R., Mirzaev, J., Taylakov, A. et al. Quantitative and qualitative assessment of collector-drainage waters in Aral Sea Basin: trends in Jizzakh region, Republic of Uzbekistan. Environ Earth Sci 80, 122 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-021-09406-y

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