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A hydrogeological impact survey on the largest onshore oil field in Brazil: physicochemical and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) analyses in the south of Japaratuba River Basin, Sergipe

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Abstract

The Japaratuba River Basin is one of the most important hydrogeological units in terms of water demand in the state of Sergipe, Brazil. Due to its poorly developed water supply plan, oil exploration and agricultural industries, the Japaratuba River Basin is susceptible to considerable environmental stress. Emphasis is given to the area of the Campo de Carmópolis which, being the largest onshore oil field in Brazil, represents the greatest agent of environmental pollution in the area. The aim of this study is to characterise the contaminants present in surface water and groundwater of the southern part of Japaratuba River Basin region which is proximal to Carmopolis Oil field. We performed physicochemical and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) analyses in ten water samples from the southernmost part of the basin. To better characterise the hydrogeological systems, 27 physicochemical parameters were analysed: potential of hydrogen (pH), colour, turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC), hardness, acidity, alkalinity, iron (Fe), nitrate (NO3−), nitrite (NO2−), ammonia (NH3), chloride (Cl−), phosphorus (P), fluoride (F−), sulphate (SO42−), bromate (BrO3−), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), potassium (K+), sodium (Na+) bicarbonate (HCO3−), carbonate (CO32−), aluminium (Al3+), manganese (Mn2+), total dissolved solids (TDS), chlorite (ClO2−) and glyphosate. The results identified concentrations above Brazil’s maximum permitted value (MPV) for TPH in two samples, and at least four samples presented values that do not meet the potability standards established by Brazilian federal legislation (Portaria de Consolidação Nº 5, 2017). This enforces the need for more robust remediation and mitigation methods on the contaminated sites, since the local population relies solely on these water resources and poor management would lead to health hazards and socioeconomic impacts. Continuous monitoring of sampled locations along with an increase in sampling mesh are also recommended.

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Source: Santos et al. (1998)

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Source: CPRM (2003). SRTM image courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Petroleum and Energy from Biomass Laboratory (PEB) for providing the infrastructure and expertise, ADEMA and Universidade Federal de Sergipe for providing the data and the reports to accomplish this study. Special thanks goes to Oliver McAdam for proof-reading this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Geologia-DEGEOL, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil

    Larissa Macêdo Cruz de Oliveira & Luiz Alberto Vedana

  2. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

    Larissa Macêdo Cruz de Oliveira

  3. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul-(Programa de Pós-Graduação de Geociências-PPGGEO), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Paulo Henrique Prado Stefano

  4. Departamento de Química, Petroleum and Energy from Biomass Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil

    Jhonattas Carvalho de Carregosa & Alberto Wisniewski Jr.

  5. Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil

    Mirna Marierse Nepomuceno Santos

  6. Administração Estadual do Meio Ambiente-(Gerência de Licenciamento Ambiental-GELIC), Aracaju, SE, Brazil

    Filipa Maria Cabrita da Cunha Pereira

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  1. Larissa Macêdo Cruz de Oliveira
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Correspondence to Larissa Macêdo Cruz de Oliveira.

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de Oliveira, L.M.C., Stefano, P.H.P., Vedana, L.A. et al. A hydrogeological impact survey on the largest onshore oil field in Brazil: physicochemical and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) analyses in the south of Japaratuba River Basin, Sergipe. Environ Earth Sci 79, 383 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-020-09121-0

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