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Removal behavior of peat collected from Brunei Darussalam for Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution: equilibrium isotherm, thermodynamics, kinetics and regeneration studies

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Abstract

Peat collected from Brunei Darussalam shows a remarkable affinity toward Pb(II). Under optimized conditions of shaking time, settling time, pH and ionic strength, more than 95 % can be removed from a 10.0 mg L−1 Pb(II) solution using 0.050 g of peat at ambient temperature of 25 ± 1 °C. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy performed on peat samples before and after interaction with Pb(II) solution conclusively demonstrate the transfer of Pb(II) ions from the solution phase to the solid peat phase. Interaction of Pb(II) solution and peat follows pseudo-second-order kinetics and adsorption best fitted the Redlich–Peterson isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) was found to be 15 mg g−1. Thermodynamic parameters evaluated for the Pb(II)—peat system indicate that the above adsorption reaction is spontaneous and endothermic. Regeneration of Pb(II)-loaded peat is effective with HCl solution and the regenerated peat can be reused for adsorption of peat.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Government of Brunei Darussalam and the Universiti Brunei Darussalam for their financial support. The authors are also grateful to Centre for Advanced Material and Energy Sciences (CAMES) at Universiti Brunei Darussalam for the use of XRF.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam

    Tasneem Zehra & Linda B. L. Lim

  2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka

    Namal Priyantha

  3. Postgraduate Institute of Studies, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka

    Namal Priyantha

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  1. Tasneem Zehra
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  2. Linda B. L. Lim
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Correspondence to Linda B. L. Lim.

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Zehra, T., Lim, L.B.L. & Priyantha, N. Removal behavior of peat collected from Brunei Darussalam for Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution: equilibrium isotherm, thermodynamics, kinetics and regeneration studies. Environ Earth Sci 74, 2541–2551 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-015-4273-2

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