Abstract
The Baltic Sea has abnormal algal blooms during spring and summer which are effects of high concentrations of total phosphorus (TP) and other nutrients in the surface water. Björnöfjärden (BF), a coastal area connected to the Baltic Sea, is selected for investigating whether aluminium treatment of sediments may reduce TP concentrations in the water mass. The aim of this paper is to evaluate effects from different abatement actions in two bays, BF and Nyköpingsfjärden (NF). The four investigated scenarios are (1) no action, (2) reducing TP from local sources, (3) fixing TP in sediments with aluminium, and (4) decreasing TP concentrations in the outside sea. Magnitudes of different TP fluxes during the different scenarios were estimated using a dynamic mass balance model, CoastMab, which has previously been tested against data from Swedish coastal waters. Alternative actions such as aluminium treatment and reduction of TP from local sources would result in no or scant effect on the TP concentrations in the two bays according to model simulations. The only action which would result in a significant expected decrease in TP concentrations would be to decrease TP concentrations in the outside sea. It is concluded that BF and NF are not suitable for studying effects from local abatement action because of large TP fluxes from the outside sea.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ågren J, Svensson R (2007) Postglacial land uplift model and system definition for the New Swedish height system RH 2000. Lantmäteriet, LMV-Rapport 2007:4
Chau KW (2004) A three-dimensional eutrophication modelling in Tolo Harbour. Appl Math Model 28:849–861
Chau KW (2005) An unsteady three-dimensional eutrophication model in Tolo harbour, Hong Kong. Mar Pollut Bull 51:1078–1084
Håkanson L, Bryhn AC (2008) Eutrophication in the Baltic Sea: present situation, nutrient transport processes, remedial strategies. Springer-Verlag, Berlin 310 p
Håkanson L, Eklund JM (2007) A dynamic mass balance model for phosphorus fluxes and concentrations in coastal areas. Ecol Res 22:296–320
Håkanson L, Jansson M (1983) Principles of lake sedimentology. Springer, Berlin
Håkanson L, Peters RH (1995) Predictive limnology: methods for predictive modelling. SPB Academic Publishers, Amsterdam
Hupfer M, Lewandowski J (2008) Oxygen controls the phosphorus release from lake sediments: a long-lasting paradigm in limnology. Int Rev Hydrobiol 93:415–432
Johansson M, Magnusson S, Erlandsson Å, Carstens C (2012) Living coast zone: phosphorus load from land to Björnöfjärden in Värmdö kommun (In Swedish). Ecoloop AB, Sweden 45 p
Knudsen M (1900) Ein hydrographischer Lehrsatz. Ann Der Hydrographie und Maritimen Met 28:316–320
Lilliesköld Sjöö G, Mörk E, Kumblad L, Rydin E (2011) Phosphoric precipitate for an improved archipelago environment (In Swedish). Svensk Ekologikonsult AB, Baltic Sea 2020 p
Muttil N, Lee JHW (2005) Genetic programming for analysis and real-time prediction of coastal algal blooms. Ecol Model 189:363–376
Nava H, Ramírez-Herrera MT (2012) Land use changes and impact on coral communities along the central Pacific coast of Mexico. Environ Earth Sci 65:1095–1104
Persson J, Håkanson L, Pilesjö P (1994) Prediction of surface water turnover time in coastal water using digital bathymetric information. Environmetrics 5:433–449
Prasad MBK (2012) Nutrient stoichiometry and eutrophication in Indian mangroves. Environ Earth Sci 67:293–299
Vahtera E, Conley DJ, Gustafsson BG et al (2007) Internal ecosystem feedbacks enhance nitrogen-fixing Cyanobacteria blooms and complicate management in the Baltic Sea. Ambio 36:186–194
Värnhed B (2005) Restoration of Lake Falten (In Swedish). Stockholm Vatten, Sweden MV-03381
Zhao G, Gao J, Tian P, Tian K, Ni G (2011) Spatial-temporal characteristics of surface water quality in the Taihu Basin, China. Environ Earth Sci 64:809–819
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank two anonymous peer-reviewers who have greatly helped improving this article. The data providers are acknowledged: Emil Rydin, Uppsala University, and Anna Merelius, Nyköpings kommun. Also, our gratitude is directed to SMHI and ICES who have published data on their web pages.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dimberg, P.H., Bryhn, A.C. Predicted effects from abatement action against eutrophication in two small bays of the Baltic Sea. Environ Earth Sci 72, 1191–1199 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-3038-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-3038-z