Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Accumulation and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils around oil sludge in Zhongyuan oil field, China

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Environmental Earth Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, the contents of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil samples around three different oily sludge plants in winter were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the pollution degree with PAHs in soil samples was determined. Soil samples were collected from the agricultural soil around three different oily sludge plants (the Third Wenming Plant, the Third Mazhai Plant, and the Fourth Wener Plant) along with the leeway in Zhongyuan oil field. The distances from collected sample sites to oily sludge plants are 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, and 500 m, respectively. The results show that the contents of PAHs in soil samples decrease dramatically with the increase of the distance from the oily sludge, and that the PAHs with 2–4 rings are major pollutants in the oily sludge and soil samples. The main factors, which influenced the distribution of PAHs are discussed. Based on Nemero Index P, the classification evaluation shows that the soils around the oily sludge are heavily polluted in winter. The health risk assessment and ecological risk assessment of the soils around the oily sludge in Zhongyuan oil field in winter are analyzed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Annokkee GJ (1990) MT-TNO research into the biodegradation of soils and sediments contaminated with oils and PAHs. In: Wolf K (ed) Contaminated soil. Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York, pp 941–945

    Google Scholar 

  • Baran S, Bielinska EJ, Oleszczuk P (2004) Enzymatic activity in an airfield soil polluted with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Geoderma 118:221–232

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ding KQ, Luo YM, Liu SL, Song J, Wu LH, Xing WQ, Li ZG, Tao S (2004) Dynamics in benzo [a] pyrene concentrations in soil as influenced by ryegrass plants. Acta Petrol Sin 41:348–353

    Google Scholar 

  • Doick KJ, Klingelmann E, Burauel P, Jones KC, Semple KT (2005) Long-term fate of polychlorinated biphenyls and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an agricultural soil. Environ Sci Technol 39:3663–3670

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duan JC, Bi XH, Tan JH, Sheng GY, Fu JM (2005) The differences of the size distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) between urban and rural sites of Guangzhou, China. Atmos Res 78:190–203

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ge CJ, An Q, Dong YH (2005) Residue and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils around a steel mill. Rural Eco-Environ 21:66–69

    Google Scholar 

  • Hafner WD, Carlson DL, Hites RA (2005) Influence of local human population on atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations. Environ Sci Technol 39:7374–7379

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jia RB (1999) Studies on determination method of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in water samples. Environ Monit China 15:40–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang Y, Zhao CC, Zhao DF (2005) Characteristic of oily sludge and several treatment methods. Environ Protect Oily Gas Fields 15:38–41

    Google Scholar 

  • Kannan K, Johnson-Restrepo B, Yohn SS, Giesy JP, Long DT (2005) Spatial and temporal distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments from Michigan inland lakes. Environ Sci Technol 39:4700–4706

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuang SP, Sun DY, Sun YH (2008) Pollution characteristics of PAHs in oily sludge and around soils of Zhongyuan Oil Field. J Agro-Environ Sci 27:855–861

    Google Scholar 

  • Li J, Zhang G, Qi SH, Liu GQ (2004) Source analysis and apportionment of particulate phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Guangzhou City. Acta Sci Circum 24:661–666

    Google Scholar 

  • Ling WT, Zhu LZ, Gao YZ, Xing W (2005) Root uptake and its predict ion model of PAHs from soils. Acta Ecol Sin 26:2320–2325

    Google Scholar 

  • Ling WT, Gao YZ, Li QL, Xie ZM, Xiong W (2006) Uptake of phenanthrene and pyrene by ryegrass from water. Acta Ecol Sin 26:3332–3338

    Google Scholar 

  • Liste HH, Alexander M (2000) Plant-promoted pyrene degradation in soil. Chemosphere 40:7–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maliszewska KB (1996) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in agricultural soils in Poland: preliminary proposals for criteria to evaluate the level of soil contamination. Appl Geochem 11:121–127

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maria B, Celia D, Cristina N (2006) Use of lichens as pollution biomonitors in remote areas: comparison of PAHs extracted from lichens and atmospheric particles sampled in and around the somport tunnel (Pyrenees). Environ Sci Technol 40:6384–6391

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Menzies A, Potockib B, Santodonato J (1992) Exposure to carcinogenic PAHs in the environment. Environ Sci Technol 1:1278

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nadal M, Schunhmacher M, Domingo JL (2004) Levels of PAHs in soil and vegetation samples from Tarragona County, Spain. Environ Pollut 132:1–11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nisbet C, Lagoy P (1992) Toxic Equivalency Factors (TEFs) for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Reg Toxico1 Pharmocol 16:290–300

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patryk O, Stanislaw B (2005) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons content in shoots and leaves of willow (salix viminalis) cultivated on the sewage sludge-amended soil. Water Air Soil Pollut 168:91–111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qiao M, Wang CX, Huang SB, Wang DH, Wang ZJ (2006) Composition, sources, and potential toxicological significance of PAHs in the surface sediments of the Meiliang Bay, Taihu Lake, China. Environ Int 32:28–33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sicre MA, Malty JC, Saliot A, Aparicio X, Grimalt JO, Albaig J (1987) Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons in the Mediterranean aerosol. Int J Environ Anal Chem 29:73–94

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tao XQ, Dang Z, Lu GN, Yi XY (2003) Biodegradation mechanism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil: a review. B Miner Petrol Geochem 22:356–360

    Google Scholar 

  • Tao S, Cui YH, Xu FL, Li BG, Cao J, Liu WX, Schmitt G, Wang XJ, Shen WR, Qing BP, Sun R (2004) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in agricultural soil and vegetables from Tianjin. Sci Total Environ 320:11–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tian Y, Zheng TL, Wang XH, Luo YR, Zhang Y (2003) Contamination characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and bioremediation strategy in sediments of Western Xiamen Harbor and its adjacent sea area. J Oceanogr Taiwan Strait 22:192–200

    Google Scholar 

  • United Nations Environment Programme (2011) Global monitoring of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). http://www.chem.unep.ch/gmn/default.htm

  • Zhan XH, Zhou LX (2003) Environmental behavior of PAHs in soil–plant system. Ecol Environ l2:487–492

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhan XH, Zhou LX, Wan YJ (2006) Impact of dissolved organic matter on plant uptake of phenanthrene and its mechanisms. Environ Sci 27:1884–1889

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang HB, Luo YM, Huang MH, Zhang GL, Zhao QG (2005) Hong Kong soil researches. III. PAHs contents in soils and their origins. Acta Petrol Sin 42:936–941

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu LZ, Chen BL, Wang J, Shen HX (2004) Pollution survey of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface water of Hangzhou, China. Chemosphere 56:1085–1095

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The study is jointly supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (20977055), Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Y2007E03), State Key Laboratory Foundation of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources (GPMR200924, GPMR201010) and Key Lab Foundation of Biogeology and Environmental Geology of Ministry of Education (No. BGEGF200804). Miss Hong Chen and Mr. Dongya Sun were acknowledged for their kindly help during the research and the submission of the paper.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China

    Shaoping Kuang & Zhanchao Wu

  2. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Shaoping Kuang, Zhanchao Wu & Laishi Zhao

  3. Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Shaoping Kuang & Zhanchao Wu

Authors
  1. Shaoping Kuang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zhanchao Wu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Laishi Zhao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shaoping Kuang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kuang, S., Wu, Z. & Zhao, L. Accumulation and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils around oil sludge in Zhongyuan oil field, China. Environ Earth Sci 64, 1353–1362 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-011-0960-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-011-0960-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation