Abstract
Purpose
The rapid urbanization that took place in the last 60 years has led to a dramatic increase in the generation of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). The biodegradable fraction of MSW mainly consists of food waste (FW) and corresponds to about 50% of the total MSW. The disposal of FW in the environment has become a significant challenge. On the other hand, FW is an excellent substrate for anaerobic digestion (AD).
Methods
This manuscript reviews the different AD technologies for the treatment of FW. Different types of bioreactors and pretreatment methods used to enhance methane production through AD of FW are discussed. The current review gives special emphasis on the methods for biogas upgrading and on technologies for FW digestate valorization.
Results
Food waste valorization through anaerobic digestion offers a wide variety of options in all process steps. From the pre-treatment of the feedstock and the selection of the suitable anaerobic digestion technology to the configuration of the process based on the desired products and the valorization of the generated digestate, the design of an integrated anaerobic digestion plant is a challenging task, which necessitates a systematic design.
Conclusion
A systematic approach is necessary for FW valorization. The simple single-stage AD process leads to underutilization of the feedstock. There are plenty of available technologies that could be combined for the development of an integrated biorefinery that will be optimized in terms of FW valorization towards the production of biofuels and high-added value products, while introducing a circularity in the nutrients contained in the FW. FW-to-biofuel conversion technologies are high Technology Readiness Level (TRL—9) technologies and anaerobic digestion is applied worldwide at commercial scale.
Graphic Abstract
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- AD:
-
Anaerobic digestion
- MSW:
-
Municipal solid waste
- CHP:
-
Combined heat and power
- FW:
-
Food waste
- LCC:
-
Life cycle cost
- IC:
-
Investment cost
- GHG:
-
Greenhouse gas
- VFA:
-
Volatile fatty acids
- PABR:
-
Periodic anaerobic baffled reactor
- LCFA:
-
Long chain fatty acids
- iMBR:
-
Anaerobic immersed membrane bioreactor
- TPASBR:
-
Temperature-phased anaerobic sequencing batch reactor
- MEA:
-
Monoethanolamine
- DEA:
-
Diethanolamine
- MDEA:
-
Methyldiethanolamine
- OC:
-
Operation cost
- CSTR:
-
Continuous stirred tank reactor
- MC:
-
Maintenance cost
- HRT:
-
Hydraulic retention time
- MEC:
-
Microbial electrolysis cells
- MFC:
-
Microbial fuel cells
- ORL:
-
Organic loading rate
- BES:
-
Bioelectrochemical systems
- EU:
-
European Union
- TPPB:
-
Two-phase pressurized biofilm system
- UASB:
-
Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket
- GAMAR:
-
Gas-membrane absorption anaerobic reactor
- DGA:
-
Diglycolamine
- TEA:
-
Triethanolamine
- PZ:
-
Piperazine
References
Gustavsson, J., Cederberg, C., Sonesson, U., van Otterdijk, R.: Meybeck, A: Global food losses and food waste: extent, causes and prevention Save Food. FAO, Rome (2011)
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO): Food Wastage Footprint: Impacts on Natural Resources. FAO, Paris (2013)
Melikoglu, M., Lin, C.S.K., Webb, C.: Analysing global food waste problem: Pinpointing the facts and estimating the energy content. Cent. Eur. J. Eng. 3, 157–164 (2013). https://doi.org/10.2478/s13531-012-0058-5
Capson-Tojo, G., Rouez, M., Crest, M., Steyer, J.P., Delgenès, J.P., Escudié, R.: Food waste valorization via anaerobic processes: a review. Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol. 15, 499–547 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-016-9405-y
San Martin, D., Ramos, S., Zufía, J.: Valorisation of food waste to produce new raw materials for animal feed. Food Chem. 198, 68–74 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.11.035
Eriksson, M., Strid, I., Hansson, P.A.: Carbon footprint of food waste management options in the waste hierarchy—a Swedish case study. J. Clean. Prod. 93, 115–125 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.01.026
Ellen MacArthur Foundation: Urban biocycles. Ellen MacArthur Foundation, Cowes (2017)
Pham, T.P.T., Kaushik, R., Parshetti, G.K., Mahmood, R., Balasubramanian, R.: Food waste-to-energy conversion technologies: current status and future directions. Waste Manag. 38, 399–408 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2014.12.004
McKinsey Global Institute: McKinsey Global Institute McKinsey Sustainability & Resource Productivity Practice. The McKinsey Global Institute, New York (2011)
Zhang, R., El-Mashad, H.M., Hartman, K., Wang, F., Liu, G., Choate, C., Gamble, P.: Characterization of food waste as feedstock for anaerobic digestion. Bioresour. Technol. 98, 929–935 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2006.02.039
Bolzonella, D., Battista, F., Cavinato, C., Gottardo, M., Micolucci, F., Lyberatos, G., Pavan, P.: Recent developments in biohythane production from household food wastes: a review. Bioresour. Technol. (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.02.092
Mao, C., Feng, Y., Wang, X., Ren, G.: Review on research achievements of biogas from anaerobic digestion. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.02.032
Zhang, C., Su, H., Baeyens, J., Tan, T.: Reviewing the anaerobic digestion of food waste for biogas production. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 38, 383–392 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.05.038
Michalopoulos, I., Mathioudakis, D., Premetis, I., Michalakidi, S., Papadopoulou, K., Lyberatos, G.: Anaerobic co-digestion in a pilot-scale periodic anaerobic baffled reactor (PABR) and composting of animal by-products and whey. Waste Biomass Valorization. (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-017-0155-z
Michalopoulos, I., Lytras, G.M., Mathioudakis, D., Lytras, C., Goumenos, A., Zacharopoulos, I., Papadopoulou, K., Lyberatos, G.: Hydrogen and methane production from food residue biomass product (FORBI). Waste Biomass Valorization (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-018-00550-4
Salemdeeb, R., Ermgassen, E.K.H.J., Kim, M.H., Balmford, A., Al-Tabbaa, A.: Environmental and health impacts of using food waste as animal feed: a comparative analysis of food waste management options. J. Clean. Prod. 140, 871–880 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.05.049
Kougias, P.G., Angelidaki, I.: Biogas and its opportunities—a review Keywords. Front. Environ. Sci. 12, 1–22 (2018)
Carlsson, M., Naroznova, I., Moller, J., Scheutz, C., Lagerkvist, A.: Importance of food waste pre-treatment efficiency for global warming potential in life cycle assessment of anaerobic digestion systems. Resour. Conserv. Recycl. 102, 58–66 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2015.06.012
Xu, F., Li, Y., Ge, X., Yang, L., Li, Y.: Anaerobic digestion of food waste—challenges and opportunities. Bioresour. Technol. 247, 1047–1058 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.020
European Biogas Association: EBA Statistical Report. European Biogas Association, Brussels (2018)
Scarlat, N., Dallemand, J.F., Fahl, F.: Biogas: developments and perspectives in Europe. Renew. Energy. 129, 457–472 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2018.03.006
Wolfgang, U.: Chapter 16 - Biomethane injection into natural gas networks. In: The Biogas Handbook. Science, Production and Applications, pp. 378–403. Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy (2013). https://doi.org/10.1533/9780857097415.3.378
Sun, Q., Li, H., Yan, J., Liu, L., Yu, Z., Yu, X.: Selection of appropriate biogas upgrading technology-a review of biogas cleaning, upgrading and utilisation. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 51, 521–532 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.06.029
Stafford, W., Lotter, A., Brent, A., Von, G.: WIDER working paper 2017/87 Biofuels technology A look forward. (2017)
Ardolino, F., Colaleo, G., Arena, U.: The cleaner option for energy production Giuseppina Colaleo: data curation; visualization. J. Clean. Prod. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121908
Kleerebezem, R., Joosse, B., Rozendal, R., Van Loosdrecht, M.C.M.: Anaerobic digestion without biogas? Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol. 14, 787–801 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-015-9374-6
Moretto, G., Russo, I., Bolzonella, D., Pavan, P., Majone, M., Valentino, F.: An urban biorefinery for food waste and biological sludge conversion into polyhydroxyalkanoates and biogas. Water Res (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.115371
Commission, E.: Closing the Loop—An EU Action Plan for the Circular Economy. European Commission, Brussels (2015)
Ren, Y., Yu, M., Wu, C., Wang, Q., Gao, M., Huang, Q., Liu, Y.: A comprehensive review on food waste anaerobic digestion: research updates and tendencies. Bioresour. Technol. 247, 1069–1076 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.109
Lee, W., Park, S., Cui, F., Kim, M.: Optimizing pre-treatment conditions for anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and sewage sludge. J. Environ. Manag. 249, 109397 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109397
Quiroga, G., Castrillón, L., Fernández-Nava, Y., Marañón, E., Negral, L., Rodríguez-Iglesias, J., Ormaechea, P.: Effect of ultrasound pre-treatment in the anaerobic co-digestion of cattle manure with food waste and sludge. Bioresour. Technol. 154, 74–79 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.11.096
Uçkun Kiran, E., Trzcinski, A.P., Liu, Y.: Enhancing the hydrolysis and methane production potential of mixed food waste by an effective enzymatic pretreatment. Bioresour. Technol. 183, 47–52 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.02.033
Zou, L., Ma, C., Liu, J., Li, M., Ye, M., Qian, G.: Pretreatment of food waste with high voltage pulse discharge towards methane production enhancement. Bioresour. Technol. 222, 82–88 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.09.104
Li, Y., Jin, Y.: Effects of thermal pretreatment on acidification phase during two-phase batch anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste. Renew. Energy. 77, 550–557 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2014.12.056
Deepanraj, B., Sivasubramanian, V., Jayaraj, S.: Effect of substrate pretreatment on biogas production through anaerobic digestion of food waste. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 42, 26522–26528 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.06.178
Salem, A.H., Mietzel, T., Brunstermann, R., Widmann, R.: Two-stage anaerobic fermentation process for bio-hydrogen and bio-methane production from pre-treated organic wastes. Bioresour. Technol. 265, 399–406 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.017
Li, D., Sun, Y., Guo, Y., Yuan, Z., Wang, Y., Zhen, F.: Continuous anaerobic digestion of food waste and design of digester with lipid removal. Environ. Technol. (United Kingdom) 34, 2135–2143 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2013.808237
Mlaik, N., Khoufi, S., Hamza, M., Masmoudi, M.A., Sayadi, S.: Enzymatic pre-hydrolysis of organic fraction of municipal solid waste to enhance anaerobic digestion. Biomass Bioenerg. 127, 105286 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2019.105286
Brémond, U., Buyer, R.D., Steyer, J., Bernet, N.: Biological pretreatments of biomass for improving biogas production: an overview from lab scale to full-scale. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 90, 583–604 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.03.103
Park, J.G., Lee, B., Kwon, H.J., Park, H.R., Jun, H.B.: Effects of a novel auxiliary bio-electrochemical reactor on methane production from highly concentrated food waste in an anaerobic digestion reactor. Chemosphere 220, 403–411 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.169
Mathioudakis, D., Lytras, G.-M., Fotiou, D., Lytras, C., Papadopoulou, K., Lyberatos, G.: Valorization of a Food Residue Biomass product in a two-stage anaerobic digestion system for the production of hythane. In: 6th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management. Naxos, Greece (2018)
Shin, H.S., Han, S.K., Song, Y.C., Lee, C.Y.: Performance of UASB reactor treating leachate from acidogenic fermenter in the two-phase anaerobic digestion of food waste. Water Res. 35, 3441–3447 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00041-0
Wainaina, S., Parchami, M., Mahboubi, A., Horváth, I.S., Taherzadeh, M.J.: Food waste-derived volatile fatty acids platform using an immersed membrane bioreactor. Bioresour. Technol. 274, 329–334 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.11.104
Li, Y., Liu, H., Yan, F., Su, D., Wang, Y., Zhou, H.: High-calorific biogas production from anaerobic digestion of food waste using a two-phase pressurized biofilm (TPPB) system. Bioresour. Technol. 224, 56–62 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.10.070
Elreedy, A., Tawfik, A., Kubota, K., Shimada, Y., Harada, H.: Hythane (H2+ CH4) production from petrochemical wastewater containing mono-ethylene glycol via stepped anaerobic baffled reactor. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 105, 252–261 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.09.015
Kim, H.W., Nam, J.Y., Shin, H.S.: A comparison study on the high-rate co-digestion of sewage sludge and food waste using a temperature-phased anaerobic sequencing batch reactor system. Bioresour. Technol. 102, 7272–7279 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.04.088
Marañón, E., Castrillón, L., Quiroga, G., Fernández-Nava, Y., Gómez, L., García, M.M.: Co-digestion of cattle manure with food waste and sludge to increase biogas production. Waste Manag. 32, 1821–1825 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2012.05.033
Xiao, B., Zhang, W., Yi, H., Qin, Y., Wu, J., Liu, J., Li, Y.Y.: Biogas production by two-stage thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and paper waste: effect of paper waste ratio. Renew. Energy. 132, 1301–1309 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2018.09.030
Algapani, D.E., Qiao, W., Ricci, M., Bianchi, D., MWandera, S., Adani, F., Dong, R.: Bio-hydrogen and bio-methane production from food waste in a two-stage anaerobic digestion process with digestate recirculation. Renew. Energy. 130, 1108–1115 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2018.08.079
Zamanzadeh, M., Hagen, L.H., Svensson, K., Linjordet, R., Horn, S.J.: Anaerobic digestion of food waste—effect of recirculation and temperature on performance and microbiology. Water Res. 96, 246–254 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.03.058
Yang, L., Huang, Y., Zhao, M., Huang, Z., Miao, H., Xu, Z., Ruan, W.: Enhancing biogas generation performance from food wastes by high-solids thermophilic anaerobic digestion: effect of pH adjustment. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 105, 153–159 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.09.005
Zhang, C., Xiao, G., Peng, L., Su, H., Tan, T.: The anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and cattle manure. Bioresour. Technol. 129, 170–176 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.10.138
Chan, P.C., De Toledo, R.A., Lu, I., Shim, H.: Co-digestion of food waste and domestic wastewater—effect of copper supplementation on biogas production. Energy Procedia. 153, 237–241 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.10.008
Shi, X., Zuo, J., Zhang, M., Wang, Y., Yu, H., Li, B.: Enhanced biogas production and in situ ammonia recovery from food waste using a gas-membrane absorption anaerobic reactor. Bioresour. Technol. 292, 121864 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121864
Owamah, H.I., Izinyon, O.C.: Optimal combination of food waste and maize husk for enhancement of biogas production: Experimental and modelling study. Environ. Technol. Innov. 4, 311–318 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2015.10.001
El-Mashad, H.M., Zhang, R.: Biogas production from co-digestion of dairy manure and food waste. Bioresour. Technol. 101, 4021–4028 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.01.027
Han, W., Ye, M., Zhu, A.J., Zhao, H.T., Li, Y.F.: Batch dark fermentation from enzymatic hydrolyzed food waste for hydrogen production. Bioresour. Technol. 191, 24–29 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.120
Sandalcı, T., Işın, Ö., Galata, S., Karagöz, Y., Güler, İ.: Effect of hythane enrichment on performance, emission and combustion characteristics of an ci engine. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 44, 3208–3220 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.069
Nathao, C., Sirisukpoka, U., Pisutpaisal, N.: Production of hydrogen and methane by one and two stage fermentation of food waste. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 38, 15764–15769 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.05.047
Cavinato, C., Giuliano, A., Bolzonella, D., Pavan, P., Cecchi, F.: Bio-hythane production from food waste by dark fermentation coupled with anaerobic digestion process: a long-term pilot scale experience. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 37, 11549–11555 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.03.065
Chu, C.F., Li, Y.Y., Xu, K.Q., Ebie, Y., Inamori, Y., Kong, H.N.: A pH- and temperature-phased two-stage process for hydrogen and methane production from food waste. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 33, 4739–4746 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.06.060
Kim, D.H., Kim, S.H., Kim, H.W., Kim, M.S., Shin, H.S.: Sewage sludge addition to food waste synergistically enhances hydrogen fermentation performance. Bioresour. Technol. 102, 8501–8506 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.04.089
Baldi, F., Pecorini, I., Iannelli, R.: Comparison of single-stage and two-stage anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and activated sludge for hydrogen and methane production. Renew. Energy. 143, 1755–1765 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.05.122
Rafieenia, R., Pivato, A., Lavagnolo, M.C.: Effect of inoculum pre-treatment on mesophilic hydrogen and methane production from food waste using two-stage anaerobic digestion. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 43, 12013–12022 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.04.170
De Gioannis, G., Muntoni, A., Polettini, A., Pomi, R., Spiga, D.: Energy recovery from one- and two-stage anaerobic digestion of food waste. Waste Manag. 68, 595–602 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2017.06.013
Silva, F.M.S., Mahler, C.F., Oliveira, L.B., Bassin, J.P.: Hydrogen and methane production in a two-stage anaerobic digestion system by co-digestion of food waste, sewage sludge and glycerol. Waste Manag. 76, 339–349 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2018.02.039
Moretto, G., Russo, I., Bolzonella, D., Pavan, P., Majone, M., Valentino, F.: An urban biorefinery for food waste and biological sludge conversion into polyhydroxyalkanoates and biogas. Water Res. 170, 115371 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.115371
Babaei, M., Tsapekos, P., Alvarado-Morales, M., Hosseini, M., Ebrahimi, S., Niaei, A., Angelidaki, I.: Valorization of organic waste with simultaneous biogas upgrading for the production of succinic acid. Biochem. Eng. J. 147, 136–145 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2019.04.012
Zeikus, J.G., Jain, M.K., Elankovan, P.: Biotechnology of succinic acid production and markets for derived industrial products. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 51, 545–552 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1007/s002530051431
Li, Z., Chen, Z., Ye, H., Wang, Y., Luo, W., Chang, J.S., Li, Q., He, N.: Anaerobic co-digestion of sewage sludge and food waste for hydrogen and VFA production with microbial community analysis. Waste Manag. 78, 789–799 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2018.06.046
Wang, K., Yin, J., Shen, D., Li, N.: Anaerobic digestion of food waste for volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production with different types of inoculum: Effect of pH. Bioresour. Technol. 161, 395–401 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.03.088
Yang, L., Ge, X., Wan, C., Yu, F., Li, Y.: Progress and perspectives in converting biogas to transportation fuels. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 40, 1133–1152 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.08.008
Ryckebosch, E., Drouillon, M., Vervaeren, H.: Techniques for transformation of biogas to biomethane. Biomass Bioenerg. 35, 1633–1645 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.02.033
European Committee for Standardization (CEN), CEN/TC 408 - Natural gas and biomethane for use in transport and biomethane for injection in the natural gas grid, EN 16723-2:2017 on natural gas and biomethane for use in transport (2017). https://www.cen.eu/news/brief-news/Pages/NEWS-2018-016.aspx
UllahKhan, I., Hafiz Dzarfan Othman, M., Hashim, H., Matsuura, T., Ismail, A.F., Rezaei-Dasht Arzhandi, M., Wan Azelee, I.: Biogas as a renewable energy fuel—a review of biogas upgrading, utilisation and storage. Energy Convers. Manag. 150, 277–294 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2017.08.035
Qyyum, M.A., Haider, J., Qadeer, K., Valentina, V., Khan, A., Yasin, M., Aslam, M., De Guido, G., Pellegrini, L.A., Lee, M.: Biogas to liquefied biomethane: assessment of 3P’s–Production, processing, and prospects. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 112, 109561 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.109561
Sahota, S., Shah, G., Ghosh, P., Kapoor, R., Sengupta, S., Singh, P., Vijay, V., Sahay, A., Vijay, V.K., Thakur, I.S.: Review of trends in biogas upgradation technologies and future perspectives. Bioresour. Technol. Reports. (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biteb.2018.01.002
Ryckebosch, E., Drouillon, M., Vervaeren, H.: Techniques for transformation of biogas to biomethane. Biomass Bioenergy 35(5), 1633–1645 (2011)
Sarker, S., Lamb, J.J., Hjelme, D.R., Lien, K.M.: Overview of recent progress towards in-situ biogas upgradation techniques. Fuel 226, 686–697 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.04.021
Bose, A., Lin, R., Rajendran, K., O’Shea, R., Xia, A., Murphy, J.D.: How to optimise photosynthetic biogas upgrading: a perspective on system design and microalgae selection. Biotechnol. Adv. 37, 107444 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107444
Nagarajan, D., Lee, D.J., Chang, J.S.: Integration of anaerobic digestion and microalgal cultivation for digestate bioremediation and biogas upgrading. Bioresource Biotechnol. 290, 121804 (2019)
Angelidaki, I., Treu, L., Tsapekos, P., Luo, G., Campanaro, S., Wenzel, H., Kougias, P.G.: Biogas upgrading and utilization: Current status and perspectives. Biotechnol. Adv. (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.01.011
Abdeen, F.R.H., Mel, M., Jami, M.S., Ihsan, S.I., Ismail, A.F.: A review of chemical absorption of carbon dioxide for biogas upgrading. Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 24, 693–702 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjche.2016.05.006
Kadam, R., Panwar, N.L.: Recent advancement in biogas enrichment and its applications. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 73, 892–903 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.01.167
Rotunno, P., Lanzini, A., Leone, P.: Energy and economic analysis of a water scrubbing based biogas upgrading process for biomethane injection into the gas grid or use as transportation fuel. Renew. Energy. 102, 417–432 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2016.10.062
Patterson, T., Esteves, S., Dinsdale, R., Guwy, A.: An evaluation of the policy and techno-economic factors affecting the potential for biogas upgrading for transport fuel use in the UK. Energy Policy. 39, 1806–1816 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2011.01.017
Niesner, J., Jecha, D., Stehlík, P.: Biogas upgrading technologies: State of art review in European region. Chem. Eng. Trans. 35, 517–522 (2013). https://doi.org/10.3303/CET1335086
Petersson, A.W.: Biogas Upgrading Technologies—Developements and Innovations. IEA Bioenergy, Brussels (2014)
Bauer, F., Persson, T., Hulteberg, C., Tamm, D.: Biogas upgrading—technology overview, comparison and perspectives for the future. Biofuels Bioprod. Biorefining. 7, 499–511 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1423
Augelletti, R., Conti, M., Annesini, M.: Pressure swing adsorption for biogas upgrading. A new process configuration for the separation of biomethane and carbon dioxide. J. Clean. Prod. (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.10.013
Divekar, S., Dasgupta, S., Arya, A., Gupta, P., Singh, S., Nanoti, A.: Improved CO2 recovery from flue gas by layered bed vacuum swing adsorption (VSA). Sep. Purif. Technol. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2019.05.036
Durán, I., Rubiera, F., Pevida, C.: Vacuum swing CO2 adsorption cycles in waste-to-energy plants. Chem. Eng. J. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.122841
Maruyama, R.T., Pai, K.N., Subraveti, S.G., Rajendran, A.: Improving the performance of vacuum swing adsorption based CO2 capture under reduced recovery requirements. Int. J. Greenh Gas Control (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2019.102902
Saidi, A., Conti, F., Sonnleitner, M., Goldbrunner, M.: Membrane separation process for small scaled partial biogas upgrading. In: IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (2018)
Xu, J., Wu, H., Wang, Z., Qiao, Z., Zhao, S., Wang, J.: Recent advances on the membrane processes for CO2 separation. Chin. J. Chem. Eng. (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjche.2018.08.020
He, X.: A review of material development in the field of carbon capture and the application of membrane-based processes in power plants and energy-intensive industries. Energy Sustain. Soc. (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13705-018-0177-9
Buonomenna, M.G.: Membrane separation of CO<inf>2</inf> from natural gas. Recent Patents Mater. Sci. 10, 26–49 (2017). https://doi.org/10.2174/1874464810666170303111509
Chen, X.Y., Vinh-Thang, H., Ramirez, A.A., Rodrigue, D., Kaliaguine, S.: Membrane gas separation technologies for biogas upgrading. RSC Adv. 5, 24399–24448 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ra00666j
Baena-Moreno, F.M., Rodríguez-Galán, M., Vega, F., Vilches, L.F., Navarrete, B.: Review: recent advances in biogas purifying technologies. Int. J. Green Energy. 16, 401–412 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2019.1572610
Baena-Moreno, F.M., Rodríguez-Galán, M., Vega, F., Vilches, L.F., Navarrete, B., Zhang, Z.: Biogas upgrading by cryogenic techniques. Environ. Chem. Lett. 17, 1251–1261 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-019-00872-2
Yousef, A.M., El-Maghlany, W.M., Eldrainy, Y.A., Attia, A.: Upgrading biogas to biomethane and liquid CO<inf>2</inf>: a novel cryogenic process. Fuel 251, 611–628 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2019.03.127
Willson, P., Lychnos, G., Clements, A., Michailos, S., Font-Palma, C., Diego, M.E., Pourkashanian, M., Howe, J.: Evaluation of the performance and economic viability of a novel low temperature carbon capture process. Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control. 86, 1–9 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2019.04.001
Pellegrini, L.A., De Guido, G., Langé, S.: Biogas to liquefied biomethane via cryogenic upgrading technologies. Renew. Energy. 124, 75–83 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.08.007
Jürgensen, L., Ehimen, E., Born, J., Holm-Nielsen, J.: Dynamic biogas upgrading based on the Sabatier process: Thermodynamic and dynamic process simulation. Bioresour. Technol. (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.10.069
Adnan, A.I., Ong, M.Y., Nomanbhay, S., Chew, K.W., Show, P.L.: Technologies for biogas upgrading to biomethane: a review. Bioeng. 6, 1–23 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering6040092
Rusmanis, D., O’Shea, R., Wall, D.M., Murphy, J.D.: Biological hydrogen methanation systems–an overview of design and efficiency. Bioengineered 10, 604–634 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1080/21655979.2019.1684607
Götz, M., Lefebvre, J., Mörs, F., McDaniel Koch, A., Graf, F., Bajohr, S., Reimert, R., Kolb, T.: Renewable power-to-gas: a technological and economic review. Renew. Energy 85, 1371–1390 (2016)
Curto, D., Martín, M.: Renewable based biogas upgrading. J. Clean. Prod. 224, 50–59 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2019.03.176
Toledo-Cervantes, A., Serejo, M.L., Blanco, S., Pérez, R., Lebrero, R., Muñoz, R.: Photosynthetic biogas upgrading to bio-methane: boosting nutrient recovery via biomass productivity control. Algal Res. 17, 46–52 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2016.04.017
Meier, L., Pérez, R., Azócar, L., Rivas, M., Jeison, D.: Photosynthetic CO2 uptake by microalgae: an attractive tool for biogas upgrading. Biomass Bioenerg. 73, 102–109 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.10.032
Lindeboom, R., Fermoso, F.G., Weijma, J., Zagt, K.: Autogenerative high pressure digestion: anaerobic digestion and biogas upgrading in a single step reactor system. Water Sci. Technol. 64, 647–653 (2011). https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.664
Sarker, S., Lamb, J.J., Hjelme, D.R., Lien, K.M.: Overview of recent progress towards in-situ biogas upgradation techniques. Fuel (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.04.021
Hayes, T.D., Isaacson, H.R., Pfeffer, J.T., Liu, Y.M.: In situ methane enrichment in anaerobic digestion. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 35, 73–86 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.260350111
Lindberg, A., Rasmuson, Å.C.: Selective desorption of carbon dioxide from sewage sludge for in situ methane enrichment—part I: Pilot-plant experiments. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 95, 794–803 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.21015
Wu, C., Huang, Q., Yu, M., Ren, Y., Wang, Q., Sakai, K.: Effects of digestate recirculation on a two-stage anaerobic digestion system, particularly focusing on metabolite correlation analysis. Bioresour. Technol. 251, 40–48 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2017.12.020
Luo, G., Angelidaki, I.: Integrated biogas upgrading and hydrogen utilization in an anaerobic reactor containing enriched hydrogenotrophic methanogenic culture. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 109, 2729–2736 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.24557
Karakashev, D., Batstone, D.J., Angelidaki, I.: Influence of environmental conditions on methanogenic compositions in anaerobic biogas reactors. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71, 331LP-338 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.1.331-338.2005
Bassani, I., Kougias, P.G., Angelidaki, I.: In-situ biogas upgrading in thermophilic granular UASB reactor: key factors affecting the hydrogen mass transfer rate. Bioresour. Technol. 221, 485–491 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2016.09.083
Okoro-Shekwaga, C.K., Ross, A.B., Camargo-Valero, M.A.: Improving the biomethane yield from food waste by boosting hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. Appl. Energy. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113629
Shen, Y., Linville, J.L., Urgun-Demirtas, M., Schoene, R.P., Snyder, S.W.: Producing pipeline-quality biomethane via anaerobic digestion of sludge amended with corn stover biochar with in-situ CO2 removal. Appl. Energy. 158, 300–309 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.APENERGY.2015.08.016
Linville, J.L., Shen, Y., Ignacio-de Leon, P.A., Schoene, R.P., Urgun-Demirtas, M.: In-situ biogas upgrading during anaerobic digestion of food waste amended with walnut shell biochar at bench scale. Waste Manag. Res. 35, 669–679 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X17704716
Liu, C., Sun, D., Zhao, Z., Dang, Y., Holmes, D.E.: Methanothrix enhances biogas upgrading in microbial electrolysis cell via direct electron transfer. Bioresour Technol (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121877
Zakaria, B.S., Dhar, B.R.: Progress towards catalyzing electro-methanogenesis in anaerobic digestion process: Fundamentals, process optimization, design and scale-up considerations. Bioresour. Technol. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121738
Zhang, Z., Song, Y., Zheng, S., Zhen, G., Lu, X., Takuro, K., Xu, K., Bakonyi, P.: Electro-conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) to low-carbon methane by bioelectromethanogenesis process in microbial electrolysis cells: The current status and future perspective. Bioresour. Technol. 279, 339–349 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.145
Cheng, S., Xing, D., Call, D.F., Logan, B.E.: Direct biological conversion of electrical current into methane by electromethanogenesis. Environ. Sci. Technol. 43, 3953–3958 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1021/es803531g
Jiang, Y., Su, M., Li, D.: Removal of sulfide and production of methane from carbon dioxide in microbial fuel cells-microbial electrolysis cell (MFCs–MEC) coupled system. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 172, 2720–2731 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-013-0718-9
van Eerten-Jansen, M.C.A.A., Jansen, N.C., Plugge, C.M., de Wilde, V., Buisman, C.J.N., ter Heijne, A.: Analysis of the mechanisms of bioelectrochemical methane production by mixed cultures. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 90, 963–970 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.4413
Song, C., Fan, Z., Li, R., Liu, Q., Kitamura, Y.: Efficient biogas upgrading by a novel membrane-cryogenic hybrid process: experiment and simulation study. J. Memb. Sci. 565, 194–202 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2018.08.027
Corbellini, V., Kougias, P.G., Treu, L., Bassani, I., Malpei, F., Angelidaki, I.: Hybrid biogas upgrading in a two-stage thermophilic reactor. Energy Convers. Manag. 168, 1–10 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2018.04.074
Akhiar, A., Battimelli, A., Torrijos, M., Carrere, H.: Comprehensive characterization of the liquid fraction of digestates from full-scale anaerobic co-digestion. Waste Manag. 59, 118–128 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2016.11.005
Delzeit, R., Kellner, U.: The impact of plant size and location on profitability of biogas plants in Germany under consideration of processing digestates. Biomass Bioenerg. 52, 43–53 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.02.029
Logan, M., Visvanathan, C.: Management strategies for anaerobic digestate of organic fraction of municipal solid waste: Current status and future prospects. Waste Manag. Res. 37, 27–39 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X18816793
Monfet, E., Aubry, G., Ramirez, A.A.: Nutrient removal and recovery from digestate: a review of the technology. Biofuels. 9, 247–262 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1080/17597269.2017.1336348
Fuldauer, L.I., Parker, B.M., Yaman, R., Borrion, A.: Managing anaerobic digestate from food waste in the urban environment: Evaluating the feasibility from an interdisciplinary perspective. J. Clean. Prod. 185, 929–940 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.045
Tampio, E., Marttinen, S., Rintala, J.: Liquid fertilizer products from anaerobic digestion of food waste: maass, nutrient and energy balance of four digestate liquid treatment systems. J. Clean. Prod. 125, 22–32 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.03.127
Opatokun, S.A., Yousef, L.F., Strezov, V.: Agronomic assessment of pyrolysed food waste digestate for sandy soil management. J. Environ. Manage. 187, 24–30 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.11.030
Oliveira, V., Labrincha, J., Dias-Ferreira, C.: Extraction of phosphorus and struvite production from the anaerobically digested organic fraction of municipal solid waste. J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 6, 2837–2845 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2018.04.034
Frossard, E., Skrabal, P., Sinaj, S., Bangerter, F., Traore, O.: Forms and exchangeability of inorganic phosphate in composted solid organic wastes. Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst. 62, 103–113 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015596526088
Slorach, P.C., Jeswani, H.K., Cuéllar-Franca, R., Azapagic, A.: Environmental sustainability of anaerobic digestion of household food waste. J. Environ. Manag. 236, 798–814 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.001
Grigatti, M., Barbanti, L., Hassan, M.U., Ciavatta, C.: Fertilizing potential and CO2 emissions following the utilization of fresh and composted food-waste anaerobic digestates. Sci. Total Environ. 698, 134198 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134198
Knoop, C., Dornack, C., Raab, T.: Effect of drying, composting and subsequent impurity removal by sieving on the properties of digestates from municipal organic waste. Waste Manag. 72, 168–177 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2017.11.022
Stiles, W.A.V., Styles, D., Chapman, S.P., Esteves, S., Bywater, A., Melville, L., Silkina, A., Lupatsch, I., Fuentes Grünewald, C., Lovitt, R., Chaloner, T., Bull, A., Morris, C., Llewellyn, C.A.: Using microalgae in the circular economy to valorise anaerobic digestate: challenges and opportunities. Bioresour Technol 267, 732–742 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.100
Xia, A., Murphy, J.D.: Microalgal cultivation in treating liquid digestate from biogas systems. Trends Biotechnol. 34, 264–275 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2015.12.010
Tang, H., Chen, M., Simon Ng, K.Y., Salley, S.O.: Continuous microalgae cultivation in a photobioreactor. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 109, 2468–2474 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.24516
Koutra, E., Economou, C.N., Tsafrakidou, P., Kornaros, M.: Bio-based products from microalgae cultivated in digestates. Trends Biotechnol. 36, 819–833 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.02.015
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lytras, G., Lytras, C., Mathioudakis, D. et al. Food Waste Valorization Based on Anaerobic Digestion. Waste Biomass Valor 12, 1677–1697 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-020-01108-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-020-01108-z