Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic and devastating neurodegenerative disorder that is affecting elderly people at an increasing rate. Clusterin (CLU), an extracellular chaperone, is an ubiquitously expressed protein that can be identified in various body fluids and tissues. Expression of CLU can lead to various processes including suppression of complement system, lipid transport, chaperone function, and also controlling neuronal cell death and cell survival mechanisms. Studies have confirmed that the level of CLU expression is increased in AD. Furthermore, CLU also decreased the toxicity and aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ). However when the Aβ level was far greater than CLU, then the amyloid generation was increased. CLU was also found to incorporate in the amyloid aggregates, which were more harmful as compared with the Aβ42 aggregates alone. Growing evidence indicates that CLU plays roles in AD pathogenesis via various processes, including aggregation and clearance of Aβ, neuroinflammation, lipid metabolism, Wnt signaling, copper homeostasis, and regulation of neuronal cell cycle and apoptosis. In this article, we represent the critical interaction of CLU and AD based on recent advances. Furthermore, we have also focused on the Aβ-dependent and Aβ-independent mechanisms by which CLU plays a role in AD pathogenesis.
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Change history
29 August 2020
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-020-00279-w
19 May 2022
This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-022-00519-1
Abbreviations
- AD:
-
Alzheimer’s disease
- CLU:
-
clusterin
- Aβ:
-
amyloid beta
- APOJ:
-
apolipoprotein J
- APOE:
-
apolipoprotein E
- CSF:
-
cerebrospinal fluid
- NFTs:
-
neurofibrillary tangles
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The authors are grateful to the Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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The authors concede the support by the Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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MSU conceived of the original idea and designed the outlines of the study. MSU and MTK wrote the draft of the manuscript. MSU prepared the figures for the manuscript. MMB, MSI, TB, and GMA performed the literature review and aided in revising the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the submitted version.
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Uddin, M.S., Kabir, M.T., Begum, M.M. et al. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Exploring the Role of CLU in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease. Neurotox Res 39, 2108–2119 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-020-00271-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-020-00271-4