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The Addiction-Related Gene ANKK1 in Parkinsonian Patients with Impulse Control Disorder

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Abstract

Impulse control disorders (ICDs) comprise a wide spectrum of abnormal behaviors frequently found in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) receiving antiparkinsonian treatment. Some ICDs share several essential features with substance use disorders. In this work, we have studied the addiction-related gene ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing I (ANKK1) in a sample of PD patients involved in a multicenter study on ICD. We carried out the TaqIA ANKK1 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping in PD patients. Clinical assessment of ICD was performed using the Questionnaire for impulsive–compulsive disorders in PD. We found no association between TaqIA SNP and ICD in PD patients (p = 0.565). However, when PD patients were grouped according the diagnosis of any ICD with a potentially addictive reinforcement (ICDARs), A1− TaqIA genotype showed significant association (p = 0.036). No association was found for the presence of punding in PD patients (p = 0.289). A logistic regression analysis confirmed the independent effect of the A1− genotype upon ICDARs (OR 8.76, 95 % CI 1.3–57.8, Wald = 5.805, p = 0.024). The TaqIA genotype A1− is associated to ICDAR in our sample and it may differentiate two types of disorders which are part of the ICD definition in PD patients.

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Fig. 1

Abbreviations

ICDs:

Impulse control disorders

PD:

Parkinson’s disease

ICDARs:

Impulse control disorder with a potentially addictive reinforcement

ANKK1:

Ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing I

DRD2:

Dopamine receptor D2

SNP:

Single-nucleotide polymorphism

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Grant PI011/000737.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Program in Rare and Genetic Diseases and IBV/CSIC Associated Unit, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, C/Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain

    Janet Hoenicka, Dolores Martínez-Rubio, Estela Pérez-Santamarina & Francesc Palau

  2. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain

    Janet Hoenicka

  3. School of Medicine at Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain

    Janet Hoenicka & Francesc Palau

  4. Department of Neurology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain

    Pedro J. García-Ruiz & Antonio Herranz

  5. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain

    Guillermo Ponce

  6. Red de Trastornos Adictivos (RTA), Madrid, Spain

    Guillermo Ponce

  7. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Valencia, Spain

    Dolores Martínez-Rubio & Francesc Palau

Authors
  1. Janet Hoenicka
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  2. Pedro J. García-Ruiz
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  3. Guillermo Ponce
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  4. Antonio Herranz
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  5. Dolores Martínez-Rubio
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  6. Estela Pérez-Santamarina
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  7. Francesc Palau
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Janet Hoenicka.

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Hoenicka, J., García-Ruiz, P.J., Ponce, G. et al. The Addiction-Related Gene ANKK1 in Parkinsonian Patients with Impulse Control Disorder. Neurotox Res 27, 205–208 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-014-9504-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-014-9504-x

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