Abstract
Cryptosporidiosis is considered to be one of the most devasting gastrointestinal diseases in calves. The aim of this study was to investigate Cryptosporidium parvum infection (C. parvum) in buffalo-calves with both copro-microscopic examination and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using two C. parvum prepared antigens with regards to their cytokines profile; interferon- γ (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-14 to achieve a proper diagnosis. All collected buffalo- calves’ fecal samples were examined by modified Ziehl–Neelsen staining technique. ELISA was performed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the two C. parvum prepared antigens; crude whole oocyst (CWO) and crude sonicated oocyst (CSO) in detection of anti-C. parvum IgG in buffalo-calves’ sera. As well, concentrations of INF-γ, IL-12 and IL-14 in the buffalo-calves’ serum samples were estimated. The results revealed that the overall parasitological incidence of cryptosporidiosis was 40%. However, the serological diagnosis by ELISA assay showed 53.75% and 27.5% when using CWO and CSO antigen, respectively. Also, the diagnostic efficacy parameters of both antigens; CWO and CSO showed a significant high specificity (83.3%) achieved by CSO antigen and a high sensitivity (71.8%) by CWO antigen. The levels of INF-γ, IL-12 and IL-14 were significantly increased in positive Cryptosporidium infected group by both coprological and serological assays followed by the group which was positive for cryptosporidiosis by copro-microscopic examination only. The present study concluded that a combination of coprological and serological examination with reference to the cytokines profile is needed for proper diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis in buffalo-calves.
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. DA, SHMH and KNA performed the laboratory experiments. DA and FAMA analyzed the data. SHMH, FAMA and DA shared in data interpretation. SHMH and DA prepared the first manuscript draft. KNA and FAMA revised and reviewed the manuscript draft for publication. All authors had read and approved the final manuscript.
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Medical Research Ethics Committee of National Research Centre (NRC), Egypt approved this study under registration number (19057). The samples collection was conducted in accordance with the guidelines laid down by the International Animal Ethics Committee and in accordance with local laws and regulations.
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Aboelsoued, D., Hendawy, S.H.M., Abo-Aziza, F.A.M. et al. Copro-microscopical and immunological diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis in Egyptian buffalo-calves with special reference to their cytokine profiles. J Parasit Dis 44, 654–660 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-020-01244-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-020-01244-2