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Evaluation of the efficacy of intralesional Glucantime plus niosomal zinc sulphate in comparison with intralesional Glucantime plus cryotherapy in the treatment of acute cutaneous leishmaniasis, a randomized clinical trial

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Abstract

Current treatment modalities in cutaneous leishmaniasis have low efficacy and high toxicity as well as high rate of resistance to treatment. In this study, for the first time we decided to evaluate efficacy of intralesional Glucantime plus niosomal zinc sulphate in comparison with intralesional Glucantime plus cryotherapy in the treatment of acute cutaneous leishmaniasis. This is a case–control study on 64 patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kerman-Iran. Patients were categorized in 2 groups A and B whom were treated with weekly intralesional meglumine antimonite plus twice daily niosomal topical zinc sulphate versus weekly intralesional Glucantime plus every other week cryotherapy, respectively. We assessed the efficacy of treatment modalities (as partial and complete response) and their adverse effects by measuring size of the lesions every 2 weeks up to maximum of 12 weeks and 3 months after the end of the treatment. Partial response rate was 16.6% and 12.9% in group A and B, respectively (P = 0.784). Complete response rate was 73.3% and 80.6% in group A and B, respectively (P = 0.784). Complete response rate was achieved in 4.73 ± 0.29 weeks and 4.69 ± 0.28 weeks in group A and B, respectively (P = 0.925). Partial response rate was achieved in 2.92 ± 0.23 weeks and 2.65 ± 0.18 weeks, respectively (P = 0.365). Combination of niosomal zinc sulphate with intralesional Glucantime has equal efficacy versus combination of cryotherapy plus intralesional Glucantime in the treatment of acute cutaneous leishmaniasis. So, it can be used in cases that have resistance to first-line treatments.

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Acknowledgements

This investigation was extracted from an approved MD dissertation (specialty in dermatology) written by Rahim Ahmadi and financially supported by Kerman University of Medical Sciences.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Leishmaniasis Research Center, Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Saeedeh Farajzadeh, Saman Mohammadi, Maryam Khalili & Mahin Aflatoonian

  2. Dermatology Department, Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Rahim Ahmadi

  3. Pharmaceutics Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Abbas Pardakhty

Authors
  1. Saeedeh Farajzadeh
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  2. Rahim Ahmadi
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  3. Saman Mohammadi
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  4. Abbas Pardakhty
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  5. Maryam Khalili
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  6. Mahin Aflatoonian
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Contributions

MA wrote the manuscript and proposal, and acted as Corresponding author. SF involved in the conception, data screening and manuscript writing. MKH helped in data interpretation, literature search and manuscript writing. SM supervised development of work, helped to evaluate and edit the manuscript. AP provided niosomal drug and contributed in manuscript writing. RA helped in data acquisition, manuscript writing. All authors contributed in initial design, data analysis, reviewed, revised, and confirmed the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mahin Aflatoonian.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests

Ethical approval

In this study, ethical permission (No. IR.KMU.AH.REC.1395.6) was granted through the Science and Ethics Committee of Kerman University of Medical Silences. All performed procedures were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Iranian institutional and/or national research committee and with the standards of 1964 Helsinki declaration.

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Farajzadeh, S., Ahmadi, R., Mohammadi, S. et al. Evaluation of the efficacy of intralesional Glucantime plus niosomal zinc sulphate in comparison with intralesional Glucantime plus cryotherapy in the treatment of acute cutaneous leishmaniasis, a randomized clinical trial. J Parasit Dis 42, 616–620 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-018-1044-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-018-1044-5

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