Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Fabrication, Application and Mathematical Modeling of a new Diamine/Trimesoyl Chloride Reverse Osmosis Composite Membrane for Copper Sulfate Desalination from Wastewaters

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Silicon Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Excessive amounts of copper ions in the water sources can be harmful to mammals and especially humans. In this study, a new RO composite membrane is fabricated via the interfacial polymerization (IP) reaction of trimesoyl chloride (TMC), piperazine (PZ) and 3,5-diaminobenzoicacid (DABA). The IP reaction was conducted on a polysulfone (PS) layer which acts as a mounting layer for the separation TMC-DABA-PZ layer. The IP reaction time, TMC concentration and transmembrane pressure were the selected study variables. For IP reaction times around 10 s the rejection and flux were equal to 79% and 21.3 L.m−2.h−1, respectively, while increasing the IP reaction time to 40 s elevates the rejection and flux to 92% and 27.7 L.m−2.h−1, respectively. TMC concentrations around 0.05% w/w demonstrated rejection and flux equal to 88% and 14.3 L.m−2.h−1, respectively, while its elevation to 0.2% w/w, increased the rejection and flux to 90% and 17.5 L.m−2.h−1, respectively. As with the transmembrane pressure, the optimum pressure was 20 bars, in which the rejection and flux were 95% and 24.07 L.m−2.h−1, respectively. Membrane morphology tests are also supporting evidence for these results. The mathematical modeling has also shown that the relation between the concentration, rejection and flux parameters match the resultant data from the conducted experiments. Since both the rejection and the flux of the fabricated membranes have shown great results, such membranes can be used for wastewater treatment at industrial scales.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

b1 – b5 :

Model constants

Aw :

Diffusive coefficient of solvent (m/h)

Bs :

Diffusive coefficient of solute (m/h)

C:

Concentration (kg/m3)

Cf :

Concentration of solute in the feed (kg/m3)

Cf0 :

Initial concentration of solute in the feed (kg/m3)

Cft :

Concentration of solute in the feed tank (kg/m3)

Cp :

Permeate concentration of solute (kg/m3)

Cpav :

Average permeate concentration (kg/m3)

Cr :

Retentate concentration of solute (kg/m3)

Cwp :

Permeate concentration of solvent (kg/m3)

Js :

Diffusive flux of solute (L/m2.h1)

Jw :

Diffusive flux of solvent (L/m2.h1)

ΔP :

Whole membrane hydraulic pressure (kg/m.h2)

Qf :

Volumetric flow rate of feed (m3/h)

Qp :

Permeate volumetric flow rate (m3/h)

Qr :

Retentate volumetric flow rate (m3/h)

R:

Solute rejection

Sa :

Area of the utilized membrane (m2)

T:

Time (h)

Vf :

Feed volume (m3)

Vf0 :

Initial feed volume (m3)

Vft :

Feed tank volume (m3)

Vp :

Permeate volume (m3)

π :

Osmotic pressure (kg/m.h2)

Ψ:

Osmotic pressure coefficient (m2/h2)

References

  1. Turnlund JR (1998) Human whole-body copper metabolism. Amer J Clin Nutr 67:960S–964S

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Yoo J, Shim T, Hur J, Jung J (2016) Role of polarity fractions of effluent organic matter in binding and toxicity of silver and copper. J Hazard Mater 317:344–351

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Uauy R, Olivares M, Gonzalez M (1998) Essentiality of copper in humans. Amer J Clin Nutr 67:952S–959S

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Barceloux D, Barceloux D (1999) Copper. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 37:217–230

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Gonzalez-Estrella J, Gallagher S, Sierra-Alvarez R, Field JA (2016) Iron sulfide attenuates the methanogenic toxicity of elemental copper and zinc oxide nanoparticles and their soluble metal ion analogs. Sci Total Environ 548–549:380–389

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Xiao Y, Peijnenburg WJGM, Chen G, Vijver MG (2016) Toxicity of copper nanoparticles to Daphnia magna under different exposure conditions. Sci Total Environ 563–564:81–88

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Gaetke LM, Chow CK (2003) Copper toxicity, oxidative stress, and antioxidant nutrients. Toxicology 189:147–163

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Matavos-Aramyan S, Moussavi M, Matavos-Aramyan H, Roozkhosh S (2017) Cryptosporidium-contaminated water disinfection by a novel Fenton process. Free Radic Biol Med 106:158–167

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Moussavi M, Matavos-Aramyan S (2016) Chelate-modified fenton treatment of sulfidic spent caustic. Korean J Chem Eng 33:2384–2391

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Song L, Vijver MG, Peijnenburg WJGM, Galloway TS, Tyler CR (2015) A comparative analysis on the in vivo toxicity of copper nanoparticles in three species of freshwater fish. Chemosphere 139:181–189

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Fitzgerald DJ (1998) Safety guidelines for copper in water. Amer J Clin Nutr 67:1098S–1102S

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Cassano A, Rastogi NK, Basile A (2015) 18 - Membrane technologies for water treatment and reuse in the food and beverage industries. In: Advances in membrane technologies for water treatment. Woodhead Publishing, Oxford, pp 551–580

  13. Sörme L, Lagerkvist R (2002) Sources of heavy metals in urban wastewater in Stockholm. Sci Total Environ 298:131–145

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Mirbagheri SA, Hosseini SN (2005) Pilot plant investigation on petrochemical wastewater treatmentfor the removal of copper and chromium with the objective of reuse. Desalination 171: 85–93

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Aziz HA, Adlan MN, Ariffin KS, metals Heavy (2008) (Cd, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cu and Cr(III)) removal from water in Malaysia: Post treatment by high quality limestone. Bioresour Technol 99:1578–1583

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Gabelich CJ, Yun TI, Ishida KP, Leddy MB, Safarik J (2004) The effect of naturally occurring biopolymers on polyamide membrane fouling during surface water treatment. Desalination 161: 263–276

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Jegal J, Min SG, Lee K-H (2002) Factors affecting the interfacial polymerization of polyamide active layers for the formation of polyamide composite membranes. J Appl Polym Sci 86:2781–2787

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Jee KY, Shin DH, Lee YT (2016) Surface modification of polyamide RO membrane for improved fouling resistance. Desalination 394:131–137

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Zimmermann R (1965) Condensation Polymers: By Interfacial and Solution Methods. In: Morgan VPW (ed). Aufl., XVIII, 561 S., zahlr. Abb., mehrere Tab., geb. £ 9.10.?, Angewandte Chemie, 78 (1966) 787-787. Wiley, New York London-Sydney

  20. Belfer S, Purinson Y, Fainshtein R, Radchenko Y, Kedem O (1998) Surface modification of commercial composite polyamide reverse osmosis membranes. J Membr Sci 139:175–181

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Hu Y, Lu K, Yan F, Shi Y, Yu P, Yu S, Li S, Gao C (2016) Enhancing the performance of aromatic polyamide reverse osmosis membrane by surface modification via covalent attachment of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). J Membr Sci 501:209–219

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Shafi HZ, Matin A, Khan Z, Khalil A, Gleason KK (2015) Surface modification of reverse osmosis membranes with zwitterionic coatings: A potential strategy for control of biofouling. Surf Coat Technol 279:171–179

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Nikolaeva D, Langner C, Ghanem A, Rehim MA, Voit B, Meier-Haack J (2015) Hydrogel surface modification of reverse osmosis membranes. J Membr Sci 476:264–276

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Yong Z, Sanchuan Y, Meihong L, Congjie G (2006) Polyamide thin film composite membrane prepared from m-phenylenediamine and m-phenylenediamine-5-sulfonic acid. J Membr Sci 270:162–168

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Cadotte JE, Petersen RJ, Larson RE, Erickson EE (1980) A new thin-film composite seawater reverse osmosis membrane. Desalination 32:25–31

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Kurihara M, Uemura T, Nakagawa Y, Tonomura T (1985) The thin-film composite low pressure reverse osmosis membranes. Desalination 54:75–88

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Amiri MC, Samiei M (2007) Enhancing permeate flux in a RO plant by controlling membrane fouling. Desalination 207:361–369

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Zhang J, Li J-D, Gray S (2011) Effect of applied pressure on performance of PTFE membrane in DCMD. J Membr Sci 369:514–525

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran

    Sina Matavos-Aramyan

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran

    Samaneh Neysari & Mohammad Hossein Jazebizadeh

  3. Raazi Environmental Protection Foundation (R.E.P.F.), Fars Science and Technology Park, P.O. Box: 71955-137, Shiraz, Iran

    Samaneh Neysari

Authors
  1. Sina Matavos-Aramyan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Samaneh Neysari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mohammad Hossein Jazebizadeh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sina Matavos-Aramyan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Matavos-Aramyan, S., Neysari, S. & Jazebizadeh, M. Fabrication, Application and Mathematical Modeling of a new Diamine/Trimesoyl Chloride Reverse Osmosis Composite Membrane for Copper Sulfate Desalination from Wastewaters. Silicon 9, 829–840 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-017-9582-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-017-9582-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation