Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Optimization of mixing time in a ladle with dual plugs

  • Published:
International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Based on the two-phase fluid (Eulerian-Eulerian) model, a mathematical model about the gas-liquid flow and mixing behavior was developed to investigate the effect of the offset of dual plugs, the included angle of dual plugs with a center point, and gas flow rate on the mixing time in a ladle with dual plugs. Numerical results indicate that two types of recirculation zones exist in the ladle. One is the middle recirculation between gas and liquid plumes, and the other is the sidewall recirculation between plumes and the ladle sidewall. The correction shows that the mixing time is in proportion to −0.2676 power of gas flow rate. There is a unique optimum offset of dual plugs with a particular included angle, in turn, a unique optimum included angle of dual plugs exits with a particular offset.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. M. Warzecha, J. Jowsa, P. Warzecha, and H. Pfeifer. Numerical and experimental investigations of steel mixing time in a 130-t ladle, Steel Res. Int., 79(2008), No.11, p.852.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. D. Mazumdar and J. W. Evans, Macroscopic models for gas stirred ladles, ISIJ Int., 44(2004), No.3, p.447.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. S. Joo and R.I.L. Guthrie, Modeling flows and mixing in steelmaking ladles designed for single- and dual-plug bubbling operations, Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 23(1992), No.6, p.765.

    Google Scholar 

  4. M.Y. Zhu, T. Inomoto, I. Sawada, and T.C. Hsiao, Fluid fow and mixing phenomena in the ladle stirred by argon through multi-tuyere, ISIJ Int., 35(1995), No.5, p.472.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. J. Mandal, S. Patil, M. Madan, and D. Mazumdar, Mixing time and correlation for ladles stirred with dual porous plugs, Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 36(2005), No.4, p.479.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. M. Madan, D. Satish, and D. Mazumdar. Modeling of mixing in ladles fitted with dual plugs, ISIJ Int., 45(2005), No.5, p.677.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. H.Y. Tang, J.S. Li, C. H. Xie, S.F. Yang, K.M. Sun, and D.S. Wen, Rational argon stirring for a 150-t ladle furnace, Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater., 16(2009), No.4, p.383.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. L. Zhang and B.G. Thomas, State of the art in evaluation and control of steel cleanliness, ISIJ Int., 43(2003), No.3, p.271.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. J.H. Wei and H T. Hu, Mathematical modelling of molten steel flow process in a whole RH degasser during the vacuum circulation refining process: Mathematical model of the flow, Steel Res. Int., 77(2006), No.1, p.32.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. H. Turkoglu and B. Farouk, Mixing time and liquid circulation rate in steelmaking ladles with vertical gas injection, ISIJ Int., 31(1991), No.12, p.1371.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. P. Chen, J. Sanyal, and M.P. Dudukovic, CFD modeling of bubble columns flows: implementation of population balance, Chem. Eng. Sci., 59(2004), No.22, p.5201.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. M. Sano and K. Mori, Size of bubbles in energetic gas injection into liquid metal, Trans. Iron Steel Inst. Jpn., 20(1980), No.10, p.675.

    Google Scholar 

  13. S.K. Ajmani, Dash, S. Chandra, and C. Bhanu. Mixing evaluation in the RH process using mathematical modelling, ISIJ Int., 44(2004), No.1, p.82.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. F. Ahrenhold and W. Pluschkell, Mixing phenomena inside the ladle during RH decarburization of steel melts, Steel Res. Int., 70(1999), No.8, p.314.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. S.V. Patankar and D.B. Spalding, A calculation procedure for heat, mass and momentum transfer in three-dimensional parabolic flows, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 15(1972), No.10, p.1787.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. D. Guo and G.A. Irons, Modeling of gas-liquid reactions in ladle metallurgy: Part I. Physical Modeling, Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 31(2000), No.6, p.1447.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education of China), Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Dian-qiao Geng, Hong Lei & Ji-cheng He

Authors
  1. Dian-qiao Geng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hong Lei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ji-cheng He
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dian-qiao Geng.

Additional information

This work was financially supported by the National High-tech Research and Development Program of China (No.2009AA03Z530), the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Shanghai Baosteel (No.50834010), and the Key Project of the Ministry of Education of China (No.108036).

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Geng, Dq., Lei, H. & He, Jc. Optimization of mixing time in a ladle with dual plugs. Int J Miner Metall Mater 17, 709–714 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-010-0378-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-010-0378-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation