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Antibiofilm Effects of Bacteriocin BMP32r on Listeria monocytogenes

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Abstract

Listeria monocytogenes is a well-known foodborne pathogen that usually lives as biofilm to cope with unfavorable surroundings. Bacteriocins have been reported as antimicrobial compounds, and their bactericidal actions have been extensively studied, but their antibiofilm actions have rarely been studied. Previous study indicated that bacteriocin BMP32r has a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. In this study, the efficacy of BMP32r against the planktonic bacteria, inhibition of forming biofilm, destruction of mature biofilm, and kill persisters of L. monocytogenes ATCC 15,313 was determined. BMP32r exhibited the bactericidal effect on L. monocytogenes planktonic bacteria. Crystal violet staining showed that sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (SICs) of BMP32r (1/32 × MIC and 1/16 × MIC) significantly (p < 0.001) inhibit the biofilm formation. In addition, the results of CCK-8, plate count, ruthenium red staining, scanning electron microscopy, and real-time quantitative PCR assay showed that SICs of BMP32r reduced cell adhesion, exopolysaccharide production, quorum sensing, and virulence genes expression in biofilm formation. Moreover, higher concentrations of BMP32r (2 × MIC and 4 × MIC) disrupt the mature biofilm by killing the bacteria in the biofilm and kill L. monocytogenes persisters bacteria effectively. Therefore, BMP32r has promising potential as an antibiofilm agent to combat L. monocytogenes.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31901667).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling District, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi, China

    Zhu Qiao, Leshan Zhang, Xin Wang, Bianfang Liu, Yuanyuan Shan, Yanglei Yi, Yuan Zhou & Xin Lü

  2. School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Henan Province 463000, Zhumadian, China

    Zhu Qiao

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  1. Zhu Qiao
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  2. Leshan Zhang
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  3. Xin Wang
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  7. Yuan Zhou
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Contributions

Zhu Qiao and Xin Lü designed the study and wrote the manuscript; Zhu Qiao, Leshan Zhang, and Bianfang Liu performed the experiments; Zhu Qiao, Xin Wang, and Yuanyuan Shan analyzed the data; Zhu Qiao, Yanglei Yi, and Bianfang Liu interpreted the results of experiments; and Zhu Qiao and Yuan Zhou prepared figures. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Xin Wang or Xin Lü.

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Qiao, Z., Zhang, L., Wang, X. et al. Antibiofilm Effects of Bacteriocin BMP32r on Listeria monocytogenes. Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot. 14, 1067–1076 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-021-09863-8

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