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Isolation and Characterization of a Bacillus velezensis D-18 Strain, as a Potential Probiotic in European Seabass Aquaculture

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Abstract

Within the food-producing sectors, aquaculture is the one that has developed the greatest growth in recent decades, currently representing almost 50% of the world’s edible fish. The diseases can affect the final production in intensive aquaculture; in seabass, aquaculture vibriosis is one of the most important diseases producing huge economical losses in this industry. The usual methodology to solve the problems associated with the bacterial pathology has been the use of antibiotics, with known environmental consequences. This is why probiotic bacteria are proposed as an alternative fight against pathogenic bacteria. The aim of this study was to analyse a strain of Bacillus velezensis D-18 isolated from a wastewater sample collected from a fish farm, for use as probiotics in aquaculture. The strain was evaluated in vitro through various mechanisms of selection, obtaining as results for growth inhibition by co-culture a reduction of 30%; B. velezensis D-18 was able to survive at 1.5-h exposure to 10% seabass bile, and at pH 4, its survival is 5% and reducing by 60% the adhesion capacity of V. anguillarum 507 to the mucus of seabass and in vivo by performing a challenge. Therefore, in conclusion, we consider B. velezensis D-18 isolate from wastewater samples collected from the farms as a good candidate probiotic in the prevention of the infection by Vibrio anguillarum 507 in European seabass after in vitro and biosafety assays.

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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), Instituto Ecoaqua, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain

    Luis Monzón-Atienza, Jimena Bravo, Silvia Torrecillas, Daniel Montero, José Ramos-Vivas & Félix Acosta

  2. Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Santander, Santander, Spain

    Ana Franco González-de Canales & Inés. García de la Banda

  3. Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain

    José Ramos-Vivas

  4. Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway

    Jorge Galindo-Villegas

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  1. Luis Monzón-Atienza
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  2. Jimena Bravo
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  3. Silvia Torrecillas
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  5. Ana Franco González-de Canales
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  9. Félix Acosta
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Contributions

Conceptualization: Félix Acosta, José Ramos-Vivas. Methodology: Félix Acosta, Luis Monzón-Atienza, Jorge Galindo-Villegas, Jimena Bravo, Silvia Torrecillas, Daniel Montero, Ana Franco González-de Canales, Inés. García de la Banda, José Ramos-Vivas. Formal analysis and investigation: Félix Acosta, Luis Monzón-Atienza, Jorge Galindo-Villegas, Daniel Montero. Writing—original draft preparation: Luis Monzón-Atienza, Félix Acosta, José Ramos-Vivas. Writing—review and editing: Luis Monzón-Atienza, Félix Acosta, Jorge Galindo-Villegas, José Ramos-Vivas.

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Correspondence to Félix Acosta.

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Ethical Statement

All procedures with the fish agreed to the guidelines of the European Union Council (86/609/EU) and Spanish legislation (RD 53/2013) and were approved by the Bioethical Committee of the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (OEBA-ULPGC-32/2020).

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Monzón-Atienza, L., Bravo, J., Torrecillas, S. et al. Isolation and Characterization of a Bacillus velezensis D-18 Strain, as a Potential Probiotic in European Seabass Aquaculture. Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot. 13, 1404–1412 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-021-09782-8

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