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Exploring Beneficial/Virulence Properties of Two Dairy-Related Strains of Streptococcus infantarius subsp. infantarius

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Abstract

The genus Streptococcus includes various species, remarkably different in their behavior, applications, virulence, and safety. Taxonomically Streptococcus infantarius subsp. infantarius belonging to the Streptococcus bovis group, which includes several pathogen species, however, has been found as predominant species in some African dairy products that are widely consumed and considered to be safe. Streptococcus infantarius subsp. infantarius’ safety may be questioned due to the association of this species with clinical cases. In this study, isolates from dairy origin were selected based on their bacteriocinogenic potential and differentiated by their RAPD-PCR profiles. Two strains were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing as St. infantarius subsp. infantarius and investigated regarding their potential beneficial properties and factors related to virulence and safety. A series of in vitro tests included properties related to survival in the gastrointestinal tract and beneficial intestinal activities. Production of bacteriocin/s, detection of related genes, and partial characterization of expressed antimicrobial protein were evaluated. Genes related to folate biosynthesis were detected in both studied strains. Evaluation of physiological tests related to strains virulence, adhesion, and resistance to antibiotics and detections of virulence and biogenic amines production-related genes were also investigated. Taking in consideration all the aspects of the specific nature of St. infantarius subsp. infantarius K1–4 and K5–1 (beneficial properties and virulence characteristics), both strains cannot be considered safe for human or other animals application, even though they have been isolated from dairy products. This study is highlighting the importance of evaluation for presence of potential virulence factors in newly characterized strains in order to be confident in their safety.

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Funding

Program for Visiting Professors at University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil (2016.1.920.93); CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development), Brasilia, DF, Brazil; NRF (NRF-2018M3A9F3021964; NRF-2018M3A9F3021655), Seoul, South Korea; Handong Global University, Pohang, South Korea; EMBRAPA (Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation), Brasilia, DF, Brazil.

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  1. EMBRAPA Agroindustria de Alimentos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Karina Maria Olbrich dos Santos

  2. EMBRAPA Caprinos e Ovinos, Sobral, CE, Brazil

    Karina Maria Olbrich dos Santos, Carliane Ribeiro de Matos & Hévila Oliveira Salles

  3. Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição Experimental, Laboratório de Microbiologia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Bernadette Dora Gombossy de Melo Franco & Svetoslav Dimitrov Todorov

  4. Advanced Green Energy and Environment Institute (AGEE), Handong Global University, Pohang, Gyungbuk, 791-708, Republic of South Korea

    Karina Arellano, Wilhelm Heinrich Holzapfel & Svetoslav Dimitrov Todorov

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  1. Karina Maria Olbrich dos Santos
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dos Santos, K.M.O., de Matos, C.R., Salles, H.O. et al. Exploring Beneficial/Virulence Properties of Two Dairy-Related Strains of Streptococcus infantarius subsp. infantarius. Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot. 12, 1524–1541 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-020-09637-8

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