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Metal Binding Antimicrobial Peptides in Nanoparticle Bio-functionalization: New Heights in Drug Delivery and Therapy

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Abstract

Peptides are considered very important due to the diversity expressed through their amino acid sequence, structure variation, large spectrum, and their essential role in biological systems. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) emerged as a potent tool in therapy owing to their antimicrobial properties but also their ability to trespass the membranes, specificity, and low toxicity. They comprise a variety of peptides from which specific amino acid-rich peptides are of interest to the current review due to their features in metal interaction and cell penetration. Histidine-rich peptides such as Histatins belong to the metal binding salivary residing peptides with efficient antibacterial, antifungal, and wound-healing activities. Furthermore, their ability to activate in acidic environment attracted the attention to their potential in therapy. The current review covers the current knowledge about AMPs and critically assess the potential of associating with metal ions both structurally and functionally. This review provides interesting hints for the advantages provided by AMPs and metal ions in biomedicine, making use of their direct properties in brain diseases therapy or in the creation of new bio-functionalized nanoparticles for cancer diagnosis and treatment.

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Abbreviations

Aβ:

Amyloid-beta

AD:

Alzheimer’s disease

ADP:

Antimicrobial database

AMPs:

Antimicrobial peptides

APP:

Amyloid precursor protein

BioFNPs:

Bio-functionalized nanoparticles

CPPs:

Cell-penetrating peptides

CPT:

Camptothecin

DDSs:

Drug-delivery systems

FNPs:

Functionalized NPs

his1 (or htn1):

Histatin gene 1

his2 (or htn2):

Histatin gene 2

HSTs:

Histatins

MPACs:

Metal-peptide attenuating compounds

NiSOD:

Nickel-superoxide dismutase

NPs:

Nanoparticles

PPT:

Podophyllotoxin

PTX:

Paclitaxel

SAARPs:

Specific amino acid-rich peptides

TBI:

Traumatic brain injury

Xaa:

Random amino acid

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  1. Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey

    Hichem Moulahoum, Faezeh Ghorbani Zamani, Suna Timur & Figen Zihnioglu

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Moulahoum, H., Ghorbani Zamani, F., Timur, S. et al. Metal Binding Antimicrobial Peptides in Nanoparticle Bio-functionalization: New Heights in Drug Delivery and Therapy. Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot. 12, 48–63 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-019-09546-5

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