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Effect of Cotton leaf curl virus infected plants on the biology of the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae): Vector–virus mutualism

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Abstract

Cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) (Geminiviridae : Begomovirus), the causative agent of leaf curl disease in cotton plants (Gossypium hirsutum), is exclusively transmitted by whitefly species Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). CLCuV transmission occurs in Sriganganagar (Rajasthan), an area endemic with cotton leaf curl disease. The relationships between plant viruses, their herbivore vectors and host plants can be beneficial, neutral, or antagonistic, depending on the species involved. To further understand these relationships, fecundity and life history parameters of an indigenous non- b (Asia II genetic group) biotype whitefly, B. tabaci, were compared on 10, 25, and 40 days post-inoculation (DPI), in CLCuV-infected and healthy cotton plants to determine the effect of virus on its vector. The development time of the immature stages of whiteflies was significantly reduced on CLCuV-infected plants. The development time of the immature stages did not change with severity of symptoms at 25 and 40 DPI (45- and 60-d-old plants). Cotton leaf curl virus infection increased percent egg viability of B. tabaci. Whiteflies deposited significantly fewer eggs on virus-infected plants than on healthy plants. Whiteflies had better egg viability on younger plants than older plants, whereas plant age did not affect the fecundity. Male and female whiteflies had shorter longevity on CLCuV-infected plants than on healthy plants.

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Acknowledgments

We thank H. C. Sharma, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India, and R. B. L. Gupta (Plant Pathologist), India, for suggestions and comments on the manuscript. The study was carried out under the project Technology Mission on Cotton (TMC-MM-1I). Financial support by the Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India and Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India is greatly acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Entomology, Agricultural Research Station (Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, Rajasthan), Sriganganagar, Rajasthan, India, 335001

    Vinod K. Nogia & Vichiter Singh

  2. Department of Plant Breeding, Agricultural Research Station (Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, Rajasthan), Sriganganagar, Rajasthan, India, 335001

    Raju Ram Meghwal

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  1. Vinod K. Nogia
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  2. Vichiter Singh
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Nogia, V.K., Singh, V. & Meghwal, R.R. Effect of Cotton leaf curl virus infected plants on the biology of the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae): Vector–virus mutualism. Phytoparasitica 42, 619–625 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-014-0402-9

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