Abstract
The influence of sodium fluoride (NaF) on calcium metabolism was examined in nibbler fish (marine teleosts). Two days after the administration of NaF (5 μg/g of body weight) (around 10−4 M in fish), we showed that plasma calcium levels significantly decreased in NaF-treated nibbler fish. In addition, we detected fluoride in the treated scales by use of a scanning electron microscope with an energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis, indicating that NaF directly affects their scales. Therefore, the influence of NaF on osteoblasts and osteoclasts in the scales was examined. In the scales of NaF-injected nibbler fish, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) (osteoclastic marker enzyme) decreased, although alkaline phosphatase (osteoblastic marker enzyme) was activated. To confirm the effect of NaF on osteoclasts, furthermore, the mRNA expressions of osteoclastic markers (matrix metalloproteinase-9 and TRAP) were decreased significantly 2 days after incubation. In barred knifejaws, plasma calcium levels decreased as they did in nibbler fish. Therefore, NaF functions in both osteoblasts and osteoclasts and then influences calcium metabolism in marine fish. In the marine environment, high levels of fluoride (1.2–1.5 mg F−/l) (around 10−5–10−4 M) are present in seawater. It is probable that teleosts living in seawater efficiently use fluoride to regulate their blood calcium levels.
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Acknowledgements
This study was supported in part by grants to N.S. (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research [C] No. 16K07871 by JSPS), to A.H. (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research [C] No. 24570068 by JSPS), to T.S. (Scientific Research [C] No. 15K07126 by JSPS), and to H.M. (Scientific Research [C] No. 15K11034 by JSPS). This work was performed under the cooperative research program of the Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Acceptance No. 17022, in 2017. We greatly appreciate Notojima and Uozu aquariums for providing us with barred knifejaw.
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An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12562-017-1092-2.
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Sato, M., Yachiguchi, K., Motohashi, K. et al. Sodium fluoride influences calcium metabolism resulting from the suppression of osteoclasts in the scales of nibbler fish Girella punctata . Fish Sci 83, 543–550 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-017-1086-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-017-1086-0