Abstract
To examine survival processes in marbled sole Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae larvae, nutritional transition date distributions (NTDDs) were compared between larvae and large juveniles (LJs) in Hakodate Bay from 2001 to 2003. NTDDs were used instead of hatch date distributions because the onset of increment formation coincides with the timing of the transition from endogenous to exogenous nutritional sources for marbled sole. LJs were defined as being large enough to be safe from predation by the sand shrimp Crangon uritai. In 2001 and 2002, the ranges of the NTDDs of LJs largely overlapped with those of the larvae. However, in 2003, the early cohort (those whose otolith rings formed before 17 March) disappeared from the NTDDs during and after April, and the NTDDs of LJs were heavily biased toward a later period compared to those of the larvae. In 2003, Oyashio coastal water (<3°C and ≤33.0 salinity) unexpectedly intruded into the bay in late March and lowered the water temperature from 6.3°C on 6 March to 4.1°C on 25 March. One possible cause of mortality in the early cohort of 2003 may be feeding failure caused by the extremely low water temperature.
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Acknowledgments
We would like to express our gratitude to Prof. T. Takahashi, Prof. Y. Sakurai and Assoc. Prof. T. Nakatani for their valuable advice during our study. We thank Y. Hiraoka for her support with dietary analysis. We also thank H. Ishizaki, I. Oda and the members of the Marine Bioresources Ecology Laboratory (Hokkaido University) for their support during field sampling. This work was supported by a Grant-in Aid for Primary Study of Fisheries Encouragement to T. Takatsu from Hakodate City Hall, and by the 21st Century COE Program “Marine Bio-Manipulation Frontier for Food Production” of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan. Our English in this manuscript was polished by International Science Editing Ltd.
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Joh, M., Takatsu, T., Nakaya, M. et al. Comparison of the nutritional transition date distributions of marbled sole larvae and juveniles in Hakodate Bay, Hokkaido. Fish Sci 75, 619–628 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-009-0086-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-009-0086-0