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Structural Organization of Baculovirus Occlusion Bodies and Protective Role of Multilayered Polyhedron Envelope Protein

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Abstract

Baculoviruses are the ingenious insect pathogens. Outside the host, baculovirus occlusion bodies (OB) provide stability to occlusion-derived viruses (ODV) embedded within. The OB is an organized structure, chiefly composed of proteins namely polyhedrin, polyhedron envelope protein (PEP) and P10. Currently, the structural organization of OB is poorly understood and the role of OB proteins in conferring the stability to ODV is unknown. Here we have shown that the assembly of polyhedrin unit cells into an OB is a rapid process; the PEP forms in multiple layers; the PEP layers predominantly contribute to ODV viability. Full-grown OBs (n = 36) were found to be 4.0 ± 1.0 µm in diameter and possessed a peculiar geometry of a truncated rhombic dodecahedron. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) study on the structure of OBs at different stages of growth in insect cells revealed polyhedrin assembly and thickness of PEP layers. The thickness of PEP layers at 53 h post-transfection (hpt) ranged from 56 to 80 nm. Mature PEP layers filled up approximately one third of the OB volume. The size of ODV nucleocapsid was found to be 433 ± 10 nm in length. The zeta potential and particle size distribution study of viruses revealed the protective role of PEP layers. The presence of a multilayered PEP confers a viable advantage to the baculoviruses compared to single-layered PEP. Thus, these findings may help in developing PEP layer-based biopolymers for protein-based nanodevices, nanoelectrodes and more stable biopesticides.

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Abbreviations

3-D:

3-Dimensional

AFM:

Atomic force microscopy

BmNPV:

Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrosis virus

BV:

Budded virus

FWHM:

Full width at half maximum

HPT:

Hour post-transfection

OB:

Occlusion bodies

ODV:

Occlusion-derived virus

PSD:

Particle size distribution

PEP:

Polyhedron envelope protein

SDS:

Sodium dodecyl sulfate

SEM:

Scanning Electron Microscopy

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Acknowledgments

The authors greatly acknowledge the instrument facilities provided by the Karnatak University Scientific Instrumentation Centre, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580 003, India

    Dayanand B. Sajjan & Shivayogeppa B. Hinchigeri

  2. REVA University, Rukmini Knowledge Park, Adminstrative Block, Kattigenahalli, Yelahanka, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560064, India

    Shivayogeppa B. Hinchigeri

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Correspondence to Shivayogeppa B. Hinchigeri.

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Sajjan, D.B., Hinchigeri, S.B. Structural Organization of Baculovirus Occlusion Bodies and Protective Role of Multilayered Polyhedron Envelope Protein. Food Environ Virol 8, 86–100 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12560-016-9227-7

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