Skip to main content
Log in

Iterative Learning Control for Fractional Order Linear Systems with Time Delay Based on Frequency Analysis

  • Published:
International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

To overcome the deficiencies of time delay in the repetitive control of fractional-order linear systems, PDα-type iterative learning control (ILC) law and P & convolution-type ILC law are designed for input and state time delay, respectively. Convergence conditions are derived in frequency domain via contraction mapping principle. Besides, the convergence frequency domain of proposed feedback controllers is obtained over a finite frequency range to design the controllers effectively. Then, the effectiveness of the proposed theoretical schemes is demonstrated using two numerical examples. The influence of time delay is eliminated, and output trajectory convergence to the desired one is guaranteed. Moreover, the Nyquist diagram of transfer function G(s) and time delay variation are analyzed in frequency domain to reveal the influence of convergence on the system.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. K. S. Miller and B. Ross, An Introduction to the Fractional Calculus and Fractional Differential Equations, vol. 1, 1993.

  2. I. Podlubny, Fractional Differential Equations, Academic, New York, NY, USA, 1999.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. R. Almeida, A. B. Malinowska, and M. T. T. Monteiro, “Fractional differential equations with a Caputo derivative with respect to a kernel function and their applications,” Mathematical Methods in Applied Sciences, vol. 41, pp. 336–352, 2018.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  4. W. Deng, H. Zhao, X. Yang, J. Xiong, M. Sun, and B. Li, “Study on an improved adaptive PSO algorithm for solving multi-objective gate assignment,” Applied Soft Computing, vol. 59, pp. 288–302, 2017.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. L. Wang, P. Cheng, and Y. Wang, “Frequency domain subspace identification of commensurate fractional order input time delay systems,” International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 310–316, 2011.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. W. Zhu, B. Chen, and J. Yang, “Consensus of fractional-order multi-agent systems with input time delay,” Fractional Calculus and Applied Analysis, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 52–70, 2017.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  7. Y. H. Lan and X. Liu, “Second-order P-type iterative learning control for fractional order nonlinear time-delay systems,” International Journal of Computational ence and Engineering, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 48–55, 2016.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  8. A. S. Ammour, S. Djennoune, W. Aggoune, and M. Bettayeb, “Stabilization of fractional order linear systems with state and input delay,” Asian Journal of Control, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 1946–1954, 2015.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. J. Jia, X. Huang, Y. Li, J. Cao, and A. Alsaedi, “Global stabilization of fractional-order memristor-based neural networks with time delay,” IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, 2019.

  10. C. Hua, T. Zhang, Y. Li, and X. Guan, “Robust output feedback control for fractional order nonlinear systems with time-varying delays,” IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 477–482, 2016.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  11. S. Lv, M. Pan, X. Li, Q. Ma, B. Li, and W. Cai, “Consensus tracking of fractional-order multiagent systems via fractional-order iterative learning control,” Complexty, vol. 2019, no. 8, pp. 1–11, 2019.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. J. Ding, J. Chen, J. Lin, and L. Wan, “Particle filtering based parameter estimation for systems with output-error type model structures,” Journal of the Franklin Institute, vol. 356, no. 10, pp. 5521–5540, 2019.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  13. F. Ding, X. Liu, and J. Chu, “Gradient-based and least-squares-based iterative algorithms for Hammerstein systems using the hierarchical identification principle,” Control Theory & Applications Iet, vol. 7, no. 2, pp.176–184, 2013.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  14. F. Ding, “Two-stage least squares based iterative estimation algorithm for CARARMA system modeling,” Applied Mathematical Modelling, vol. 37, no. 7, pp.4798–4808, 2013.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  15. F. Ding, Y. Liu, and B. Bao, “Gradient-based and least-squares-based iterative estimation algorithms for multi-input multi-output systems,” Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, vol. 226, no. 1, pp.43–55, 2012.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. M. Uchiyama, “Formation of high-speed motion pattern of a mechanical arm by trial,” Transactions of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 706–712, 1978.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. S. Arimoto, S. Kawamura, and F. Miyazaki, “Bettering operation of robots by learning,” Journal of Robotic Systems, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 123–140, 1984.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. J. X. Xu, T. J. Lee, and H. W. Zhang, “Analysis and comparison of iterative learning control schemes,” Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, vol. 6, no. 17, pp. 675–686, 2004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. W. Chen and L. Zhang, “Adaptive iterative learning control for nonlinearly parameterized systems with unknown time-varying delays,” International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems, vol. 2, no. 8, pp. 177–186, 2010.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. L. Huang, Q. Zhang, L. Sun, and Z. Sheng, “Robustness analysis of iterative learning control for a class of mobile robot systems with channel noise,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 34711–34718, 2019.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Y. H. Lan and L. J. He, “P-type iterative learning control of fractional order nonlinear time-delay systems,” Proc. of 24th Chinese Control and Decision Conference, IEEE, pp. 1027–1031, 2012.

  22. Y. H. Lan and Y. Zhou, “Dα -type iterative learning control for fractional order linear time-delay systems,” Asian Journal of Control, no. 3, vol. 15, pp. 669–677, 2013.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  23. Y. H. Lan and Y. Zhou, “High-order \(\mathcal{D}^{\alpha}\)-type iterative learning control for fractional-order nonlinear time-delay systems,” J. Optimiz. Theory App., vol. 156, no. 1, vol. 156, pp. 153–166, 2013.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  24. Y. Li, L. Zhang, and B. Hu, “PDα-type iterative learning control for fractional delay systems,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series. IOP Publishing, no. 1, vol. 1053, 2018.

  25. L. Yan and J. Wei, “Fractional order nonlinear systems with delay in iterative learning control,” Appl. Math. Comput., vol. 257, pp. 546–552, 2015.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  26. Y. Li, Y. Q. Chen, and H. S. Ahn, “Fractional-order iterative learning control for fractional-order linear systems,” Asian Journal of Control, no. 1, vol. 13, pp. 54–63, 2011.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  27. M. Lazarević, N. Durović, B. Cvetković, P. Mandic, and M. Cajić, “PDα-type iterative learning control for fractional-order singular time-delay system,” Proc. of 29th Chinese Control And Decision Conference, IEEE, pp. 1905–1910, 2017.

  28. M. Lazarević, B. Cvetković, and P. Mandić, “Closed-loop iterative learning control for fractional-order linear singular time-delay system: PDα-type,” Scientific Technical Review, no. 2, vol. 68, pp. 17–25, 2018.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Y. Chenchen and W. Jing, “Closed-loop PDα-type iterative learning control for fractional nonlinear systems with time-delay,” Proc. of 11th Asian Control Conference, IEEE, pp. 723–728, 2017.

  30. Q. Yan, J. Cai, L. Wu, and Q. Zhou, “Error-tracking iterative learning control for nonlinearly parametric time-delay systems with initial state errors,” IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 12167–12174, 2018.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. L. Wang, P. Cheng, and Y. Wang, “Frequency domain subspace identification of commensurate fractional order input time delay systems,” International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 310–316, 2011.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. L. Xu, W. Xiong, A. Alsaedi, and T. Hayat, “Hierarchical parameter estimation for the frequency response based on the dynamical window data,” International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 1756–1764, 2018.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. D. Wang and Y. Ye, “Design and experiments of anticipatory learning control: Frequency-domain approach,” IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 305–313, 2005.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. M. Norrlöf and S. Gunnarsson, “Time and frequency domain convergence properties in iterative learning control,” International Journal of Control, vol. 75, no. 14, pp. 1565–1572, 2002.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  35. A. Tayebi, “Analysis of two particular iterative learning control schemes in frequency and time domains,” Automatica, vol. 43, no. 9, pp. 1565–1572, 2007.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  36. Y. Q. Chen and K. L. Moore, “On Da-type iterative learning control,” Proceedings of the 40th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, IEEE, Orlando, Florida, USA, vol. 3, pp. 2526–2531, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  37. A. A. Dastjerdi, B. M. Vinagre, Y. Chen, and H. Hossein-Nia, “Linear fractional order controllers: A survey in the frequency domain,” Annual Reviews in Control, pp. 51–70, 2019.

  38. Y. Ye, A. Tayebi, and X. Liu, “All-pass filtering in iterative learning control,” Automatica, vol. 45, no.1, pp. 257–264, 2009.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. X. Ge, J. L. Stein, and T. Ersal, “Frequency-domain analysis of robust monotonic convergence of norm-optimal iterative learning control,” IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 637–651, 2018.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. H. Li, J. Huang, D. Liu, and F. Teng, “Design of fractional order iterative learning control on frequency domain,” Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, IEEE, pp. 2056–2060, Beijing, China, Aug 2011.

  41. H. Tao, W. Paszke, H. Yang, and K. Galkowski, “Finite frequency range robust iterative learning control of linear discrete system with multiple time-delays,” Journal of the Franklin Institute, vol. 365, no. 5, pp. 2690–2708, 2019.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  42. L. Zhai, G. Tian, F. Zhou, and Y. Li, “A frequency analysis of time delayed iterative learning control system,” Proc. of 32nd Chinese Control Conference (CCC), IEEE, pp. 256–261, Xi’an, China, Dec 2013.

  43. I. Podlubny, L. Dorçák, and J. Misanek, “Application of fractional-order derivatives to calculation of heat load intensity change in blast furnace walls,” Transactions of Technical University of Kosice, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 137–144, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Y. Chen and K. L. Moore, “Analytical stability bound for a class of delayed fractional-order dynamic systems,” Proc. of Conference on Decision and Control, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1421–1426, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Y. A. Rossikhin and M. V. Shitikova, “Applications of fractional calculus to dynamic problems of linear and nonlinear hereditary mechanics of solids,” Applied Mechanics Reviews, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 15–67, 1997.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fengyu Zhou.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Recommanded by Editor PooGyeon Park. This work was supported by the National Key R & D Program of China (Grant no. 2017YFB1302400), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 61773242, No.61803227 and No.61375084), Major Agricultural Applied Technological Innovation Projects of Shandong Province (SD2019NJ014). Shandong Natural Science Foundation (ZR2019MF064), Intelligent Robot and System Innovation Center Foundation (2019IRS19). In addition, the authors would like to thank the Associate Editor and the anonymous reviewers who contributed their valuable comments to this paper.

Yugang Wang is currently a Ph.D. candidate at the School of Control Science and Engineering at Shandong University, Jinan, China. He received a B.E. degree in mathematics from China University of Mine and Technology, XuZhou, China, in 2014. His research interests include control theory, fractional order calculus, iterative learning control and robotics.

Fengyu Zhou received a Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from Tianjin University, Tianjin, China, in 2008. He is currently a professor of the School of Control Science and Engineering at Shandong University, Jinan, China. His research interests include service robotics and automation, control theory and control engineering.

Lei Yin is currently a Ph.D. candidate in the school of control science and engineering at Shandong University, Jinan, China. He received his M.S. degree in Control Engineering from the School of Control Science and Engineering at Shandong University, Jinan, China, in 2010. His research interests include cloud robot, cloud computing and control theory.

Fang Wan is currently a Ph.D. candidate in the School of Control Science and Engineering at Shandong University, Jinan, China. He received his B.E. degree in control engineering from the School of Control Science and Engineering at Shandong University, Jinan, China, in 2016. His research interests include mobile robot indoor navigation and control theory.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Wang, Y., Zhou, F., Yin, L. et al. Iterative Learning Control for Fractional Order Linear Systems with Time Delay Based on Frequency Analysis. Int. J. Control Autom. Syst. 19, 1588–1596 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12555-019-0295-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12555-019-0295-y

Keywords

Navigation