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Cephalopod biodiversity in the vicinity of Bear Seamount, western North Atlantic based on exploratory trawling from 2000 to 2014

  • Recent Advances in Knowledge of Cephalopod Biodiversity
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Abstract

Bear Seamount (BSM) is the most inshore seamount in the New England Seamount chain. It is located within the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone and is contained within the recently established Northeast Canyons and Seamounts Marine National Monument. In 2000, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) National Systematics Laboratory began an exploratory trawling program to document nekton diversity at BSM and its vicinity. Here, we summarize eight exploratory sampling cruises conducted between 2000 and 2014, and describe the cephalopod biodiversity and assemblage structure around BSM. Over the course of 174 deep–midwater and 56 bottom tows, 5088 cephalopods were identified, measured, and documented. In total, 77 species were collected at BSM; 75 species were collected from midwater tows and 28 from benthic tows. Rarefaction curves did not reach an asymptote, suggesting that additional sampling will collect more species. Seventeen species accounted for 75% of the total midwater and bottom catch, including: Illex illecebrosus (n = 605), Magnoteuthis magna (n = 568), Abraliopsis morisii (n = 518), Abralia redfieldi (n = 358), Mastigoteuthis agassizii (n = 336), Histioteuthis reversa (n = 273), Taonius pavo (n = 239), Haliphron atlanticus (n = 195), Brachioteuthis beanii (n = 160), Ornithoteuthis antillarum (n = 153), Pterygioteuthis gemmata (n = 141), Pyroteuthis margaritifera (n = 120), Vampyroteuthis infernalis (n = 101), Chiroteuthis veranyi (n = 33), Bolitaena pygmaea (n = 30), Graneledone verrucosa (n = 11), and Stauroteuthis syrtensis (n = 29). Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) of significant analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) results showed that the 2000 cruise was different from other years, meteorological winter was different from other seasons, and that day and night shallow samples were different from each other and all other depths. Based on seasonal size variation in the most abundant taxa, we propose hypotheses of year-round, winter, and spring spawning for future critical assessment. This extensive description of the offshore cephalopod assemblage may be used to assess vulnerability to future environmental changes and human activities.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the Captain and crew of the NOAA Ship Delaware II and NOAA Ship Pisces, and all of the participants in these cruises for their efforts in collecting specimens, samples, and data. Jon Moore provided the multibeam map in Fig. 1 which was created by the Mountains in the Sea Research Group. Heather Godra produced the sea surface temperature map in Fig. 9, while supported by a 2010 Census of Seamounts MiniGrant program (Census of Marine Life, funded by the Sloan Foundation). Invertebrate Zoology collections management staff curated the specimens and digitized collections data. We thank Dr. Chingis Nigmatullin and the two anonymous reviewers for their careful review of the manuscript. V. H. Dimkovikj was supported as part of an undergraduate research opportunity with Coastal Carolina University, NSF REU Site EAR-1062692, as well as through a Natural History Research Experiences summer internship at the Smithsonian Institution.

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  1. Michelle D. Staudinger

    Present address: Department of the Interior Northeast Climate Science Center, Amherst, MA, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Delaware Museum of Natural History, Wilmington, DE, USA

    Elizabeth K. Shea

  2. University of South Florida St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, FL, USA

    Heather Judkins

  3. Missouri Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA

    Michelle D. Staudinger

  4. Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA

    Michelle D. Staudinger

  5. Department of Marine Science, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, SC, USA

    Valerie H. Dimkovikj

  6. Center for Life in Extreme Environments, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA

    Annie Lindgren

  7. NMFS National Systematics Laboratory, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA

    Michael Vecchione

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Correspondence to Elizabeth K. Shea.

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Shea, E.K., Judkins, H., Staudinger, M.D. et al. Cephalopod biodiversity in the vicinity of Bear Seamount, western North Atlantic based on exploratory trawling from 2000 to 2014. Mar Biodiv 47, 699–722 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-017-0633-3

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