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Area Delineation and Spatial-Temporal Dynamics of Urban Heat Island in Lanzhou City, China Using Remote Sensing Imagery

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Abstract

One of the key impacts of rapid urbanization on the environment is the effect of urban heat island (UHI). By using the Landsat TM/ETM+ thermal infrared remote sensing data of 1993, 2001 and 2011 to retrieve the land surface temperature (LST) of Lanzhou City, and by adopting object-oriented fractal net evolution approach (FNEA) to make image segmentation of the LST, the UHI elements were extracted. The G* index spatial aggregation analysis was made to calculate the urban heat island ratio index (URI), and the landscape metrics were used to quantify the changes of the spatial pattern of the UHI from the aspects of quantity, shape and structure. The impervious surface distribution and vegetation coverage were extracted by a constrained linear spectral mixture model to explore the relationships of the impervious surface distribution and vegetation coverage with the UHI. The information of urban built-up area was extracted by using UBI (NDBI-NDVI) index, and the effects of urban expansion on city thermal environment were quantitatively analyzed, with the URI and the LST grade maps built. In recent 20 years, the UHI effect in Lanzhou City was strengthened, with the URI increased by 1.4 times. The urban expansion had a spatiotemporal consistency with the UHI expansion. The patch number and density of the UHI landscape were increased, the patch shape and the whole landscape tended to be complex, the landscape became more fragmented, and the landscape connectivity was decreased. The heat island strength had a negative linear correlation with the urban vegetation coverage, and a positive logarithmic correlation with the urban impervious surface coverage.

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Acknowledgments

Funding

This study was funded by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 41361040) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Gansu (No. 2014–63). Also, I thank Yao Li, Wangming Yang and Wenchao Han for their assistance during the field investigations and image processing.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Geographic and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, No.967 Anning East Road, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China, 730070

    Jinghu Pan

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Correspondence to Jinghu Pan.

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Pan, J. Area Delineation and Spatial-Temporal Dynamics of Urban Heat Island in Lanzhou City, China Using Remote Sensing Imagery. J Indian Soc Remote Sens 44, 111–127 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-015-0477-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-015-0477-x

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