Skip to main content
Log in

A taphonomic study of a carcass consumed by griffon vultures (Gyps fulvus) and its relevance for the interpretation of bone surface modifications

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Vultures are ubiquitous taphonomic agents in most biomes. However, taphonomic studies of vultures are scarce and very little is known of the damage they cause to bone surfaces when consuming carcasses. This study presents the results of a taphonomic analysis of bones modified by griffon vultures. Although some marks created by these agents are diagnostically unique, others are extremely similar to modifications caused by other biostratinomic processes. This renders interpretations of marks on bones very problematic when these modifications are considered in isolation rather than at the assemblage and contextual levels.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bello SM, Parfitt SA, Stringer CB (2009) Quantitative micromorphological analyses of cutmarks produced by ancient and modern handaxes. Journal of Archaeological Science 36:1869–1880

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Binford LR (1981) Bones: ancient men, modern myths. Academic, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Blumenschine RJ (1988) An experimental model of the timing of hominid and carnivore influence on archaeological bone assemblages. J Archaeol Sci 15:483–502

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blumenschine RJ, Selvaggio MM (1988) Percussion marks on bone surfaces as a new diagnostic of hominid behavior. Nature 333:763–765

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brain CK (1981) The hunters or the hunted? Chicago University Press, Chicago

    Google Scholar 

  • Bunn HT (1983) Evidence on the diet and subsistence patterns of Plio-Pleistocene hominids at Koobi Fora, Kenya, and at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. In: Clutton-Brock J, Grigson C (eds) Animals and archaeology: hunters and their prey. B.A.R. International Series, 163, pp. 21–30

  • Cáceres Cuello de Oro I (2002) Tafonomía de yacimientos antrópicos en Karst. Complejo Galería (Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos), Vanguard Cave (Gibraltar) y Abric Romaní (Capellades, Barcelona). Ph.D. dissertation, Universitat Rovira i Virgili

  • de Juana S, Galan AB, Dominguez-Rodrigo M (2009) Taphonomic identification of cut marks made with lithic handaxes: an experimental study. Journal of Archaeological Science 37:1841–1850

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Delaney-Rivera C, Plummer T, Hogson J, Forrest F, Hertel F, Oliver J (2009) Pits and pitfalls: taxonomic variability and patterning in tooth mark dimensions. J Archaeol Sci 36:2597–2608

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Domínguez-Rodrigo M, Barba R (2006) New estimates of tooth marks and percussion marks from FLK Zinj, Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania): the carnivore-hominid-carnivore hypothesis falsified. J Hum Evol 50:170–194

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Domínguez-Rodrigo M, Piqueras A (2003) The use of tooth pits to identify carnivore taxa in toothmarked archaeofaunas and their relevance to reconstruct hominid carcass processing behaviours. J Archaeol Sci 30:1385–1391

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Domínguez-Rodrigo M, Barba R, Egeland CP (2007) Deconstructing Olduvai. Springer, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Domínguez-Rodrigo M, de Juana S, Galán A, Rodríguez M (2009) A new protocol to differentiate trampling marks from butchery cut marks. J Archaeol Sci 36:2643–2654

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Domínguez-Rodrigo M, Pickering TR, Bunn HT (2010) Configurational approach to identifying the earliest hominin butchers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107:20929–20934

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Domínguez-Solera S (2010) El buitre: agente tafonómico. Master's thesis. Department of Prehistory, Complutense University, Madrid

  • Domínguez-Solera S, Domínguez-Rodrigo M (2009) A taphonomic study of bone modification and of tooth-mark patterns on long limb bone portions by suids. Int J Osteoarchaeol 19:345–363

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fernández-Jalvo Y, Andrews P (2011) When humans chew bones. J Hum Evol 60:117–123

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher JW (1995) Bone surface modification in zooarchaeology. J Archaeol Method Theory 1:7–65

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Greenfield HJ (1999) The origins of metallurgy: distinguishing stone from metal cut-marks on bones from archaeological sites. J Archaeol Sci 7:797–808

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Iñigo A, del Moral JC (2009) Un pais de carroñeras. La Garcilla 139:6–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Jolee A, West JA, Louys J (2007) Differentiating bamboo from stone tool cut marks in the zooarchaeological record, with a discussion on the use of bamboo knives. J Archaeol Sci 4:512–518

    Google Scholar 

  • Khan S (2006) An assessment of avian and other scavenging of an animal carcass at Katerniaghat wildlife sanctuary, District Bahraich, Uttar Pradesh—India, and its forensic implications. Ph.D. dissertation, Bournemouth University, School of Conservation Sciences, UK

  • Komar D, Beattie O (1998) Identifying bird scavenging in fleshed and dry remains. Can Soc Forensic Sci J 31(3):177–188

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis JE (2008) Identifying sword marks on bone: criteria for distinguishing between cut marks made by different classes of bladed weapons. J Archaeol Sci 7:2001–2008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marín AB, Fosse P, Vigne JD (2009) Probable evidences of bone accumulation by Pleistocene bearded vulture at the archaeological site of El Mirón Cave (Spain). J Archaeol Sci 36:284–296

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McPherron SP, Alemseged Z, Marean CW, Wynn JG, Reed D, Geraads D, Bobe R, Béarat HA (2010) Evidence for stone-tool-assisted consumption of animal tissues before 3.39 million years ago at Dikika, Ethiopia. Nature 466:857–860

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mundy P, Ledger JA (1976) Griffon vultures, carnivores and bones. S Afr J Sci 72:106–110

    Google Scholar 

  • Njau J, Blumenschine RJ (2006) A diagnosis of crocodile feeding traces on larger mammal bone, with fossil examples from the Plio-Pleistocene Olduvai Basin, Tanzania. J Hum Evol 50:142–162

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pickering RB, Bachman DC (2009) The use of forensic anthropology, 2nd edn. CRC Press, London, first 1997

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Pickering TR, Egeland CP (2006) Experimental pattern of hammerstone percussion damage on bones: implications for inferences of carcass processing by humans. J Archaeol Sci 33:459–469

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Plug I (1978) Collecting patterns of six species of vultures (Aves: Accipitridae). Ann Transvaal Museum 31:51–63

    Google Scholar 

  • Pobiner BL (2008) Paleoecological information from predator tooth marks. Journal of Taphonomy 6(3–4):373–397

    Google Scholar 

  • Potts R, Shipman P (1981) Cutmarks made by stone tools from Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. Nature 291:577–580

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reeves NM (2009) Taphonomic effects of vulture scavenging. J Forensic Sci 54:523–529

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Robert I, Vigne JD (2002) The bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus) as an accumulator of archaeological bones. Late glacial assemblages and present-day reference data in Corsica (Western Mediterranean). J Archaeol Sci 29:763–777

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sánchez A (2007) New occurrences of the extinct vulture Gyps melitensis (Falconiformes, Aves) and a reappraisal of paleospecies. J Vertebr Paleontol 27:1057–1061

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tyrberg T (1998) Pleistocene birds of the paleoartic: a catalogue. Nuttal Ornithological Club, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank José Yravedra, Almudena Hernando, the Domínguez-Solera family, Vanesa Fernández, Julián and Javier Valenciano (Delegación de Agricultura de la Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha) for their help and comments on an earlier draft of this paper.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Manuel Domínguez-Rodrigo.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Domínguez-Solera, S., Domínguez-Rodrigo, M. A taphonomic study of a carcass consumed by griffon vultures (Gyps fulvus) and its relevance for the interpretation of bone surface modifications. Archaeol Anthropol Sci 3, 385–392 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-011-0071-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-011-0071-2

Keywords

Navigation