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Effects of different irrigation intervals and sowing time on yield attributing traits of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)

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Abstract

Optimum water supply along with appropriate planting date plays the main role with respect to the yield and quality in okra, which is usually cultivated for its pods. This study was carried out at the research farm of Azad Islamic University, Tehran, Iran, to examine the effect of irrigation regimes and sowing dates on physiological traits, the quality and quantity of seed, and pod water use efficiency of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). The results showed a reduction in the growth period from sowing to pod harvesting as planting time was delayed. Total chlorophyll content, plant height, and the number of pods/plants were decreased by drought stress and late planting. However, ash and mucilage content increased under mild drought conditions. Also, protein content and pod water use efficiency were significantly increased in late planting. Leaf area (LA) and carbohydrate content were considerably affected by the interaction of irrigation regimes and sowing at the flowering stage. Based on the results of cluster analysis, it was found that mild drought + June 4, mild drought + June 18, and mild drought + July 2 treatments were more closely related to all studied traits. Based on the biplot results, it was observed that the protein content, yield, mucilage, and LA had the highest correlation with mild drought + June 4 and mild drought + June 18 treatments. Also, well watered + June 4, well watered + June 18, and well watered + July 2 treatments showed a strong relationship with plant height, total chlorophyll, and fat content of the seed. These findings suggest that delay in planting improves water use efficiency, but yield and pod protein content were reduced under this condition.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dr. Olumide Samuel Daramola (Department of Plant Physiology and Crop Production, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria) for the critical reading of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Sahar Keyvan Rad, Hossein Heidari Sharifabadi & Ghorban Nourmohamadi

  2. Department of Agronomy, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran

    Hamid Madani

  3. Soil and Water Research Department, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Sari, Iran

    Mojtaba Mahmoudi

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  1. Sahar Keyvan Rad
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  2. Hamid Madani
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  3. Hossein Heidari Sharifabadi
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  4. Mojtaba Mahmoudi
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  5. Ghorban Nourmohamadi
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Correspondence to Hamid Madani.

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Keyvan Rad, S., Madani, H., Heidari Sharifabadi, H. et al. Effects of different irrigation intervals and sowing time on yield attributing traits of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). Arab J Geosci 15, 740 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-09663-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-09663-6

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