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Assessment of water pollution induced by anthropogenic activities on zooplankton community in Mariout Lake using statistical simulation

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Abstract

The growing increase in population and urbanization expansion leads to corresponding increase in urban effluents, industrial and agriculture that discharged into the aquatic environment. The present paper is an attempt to estimate the water quality characteristics and zooplankton community of different water bodies in some human activities effects of Mariout Lake subjected to various types of pollutants by using statistical simulation. During the period beginning from March 2019 to February 2020, ten representative surface water samples were collected seasonally from Mariout Lake for determination of physico-chemical parameters, namely temperature, biological oxygen demand, salinity, hydrogen ion concentration, ammonia, dissolved oxygen, reactive phosphate, and chlorophyll were estimated. The results of the monitoring stations were analyzed by multivariate statistical techniques to measure relationship among physical and chemical parameters by principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical correlation analysis (CCA) techniques. A total of 78 species were from zooplankton population, additional to fish eggs and the larval stages of different groups. Rotifer formed 48 species, copepods formed 8 species additional nauplii larvae and copepodite stage, protozoans (6 species: one of each of Protozoan, Ciliatea, tintinnids, and Sessilida), Cladocera 5 species, Ostracoda 4 species, Insecta 2 larvea, Mollusca 1 species and one larvae, while Annelida, Nematoda, Cirripeda, Molluscs, Annelida, Amphipoda, and fish eggs were only represented by one organism each. The annual average values of physico-chemical parameters were 24.26 °C for temperature; 4.07 ± 1.28‰ for salinity; 8.015 ± 0.22 for pH; 9.07 ± 9.56 mg/L for DO; 19.49 ± 5.22 mg/L for BOD; 0.54 ± 0.27 mg/L foe ammonia; 0.426 μM for reactive phosphate; and 6.312 μg/L for chlorophyll-a. From the calculations of WQI, the lakes were categorized into good, bad, and poor water quality. Increasing pollution rate of Mariout Lake will create large areas of oxygen-depleted (hypoxic) dead zones, which affect fish, zooplankton, and other organisms in the lake. Verifying the ability of CCA and PCA techniques was achieved by correlation methods and simple regression respectively.

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  • 15 April 2021

    Springer Nature’s version of this paper was updated to present the correct city of the first affiliation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt

    Ahmed M. Heneash, Ahmed E. Alprol & Hazem T. Abd El-Hamid

  2. Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

    Mohamed Khater & Khaled A. El Damhogy

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  1. Ahmed M. Heneash
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  2. Ahmed E. Alprol
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Correspondence to Hazem T. Abd El-Hamid.

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Heneash, A.M., Alprol, A.E., Abd El-Hamid, H.T. et al. Assessment of water pollution induced by anthropogenic activities on zooplankton community in Mariout Lake using statistical simulation. Arab J Geosci 14, 641 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-06977-9

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