Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of particle morphology on mechanical behavior of rock mass

  • Review Paper
  • Published:
Arabian Journal of Geosciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The effects on geotechnical properties of rock mass from the constituent particle morphology have been acknowledged since long. Particle morphology is among the most important parameters affecting the mechanical characteristics of rock, such as shear strength, cohesion, friction angle, porosity, groundwater seepage, and angle of repose. This review summarizes the current advancement in numerical simulation-related particle morphology and its impact on the mechanical behavior of rock mass. Several scholars assessed the influence of particle morphology on macroscopic mechanical response using experimental and numerical simulation techniques. The clump particle approach based on discrete elements methods (DEM) reproduces mechanisms between rock particles to illustrate the correlation of mechanical performance and particle morphology. However, this approach presents the statistical limits of particle shape and size distribution of clump particles to rock particles. Particle shape has distinct effect on geotechnical properties of rock; conversely, each descriptor is case sensitive to a specific attribute of shape. The diversity of the outcomes of the conducted study in the geotechnical field revealed an ambiguity associated with the correlation of particle size distribution with the mechanical behavior of rock and granular material. Nevertheless, further research is essential to address some of the issues that have not yet been tackled, few of which are identified throughout this review article.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Adi H, Larson I, Stewart P (2007) Use of milling and wet sieving to produce narrow particle size distributions of lactose monohydrate in the sub-sieve range. Powder Technol 179(1–2):95–99

    Google Scholar 

  • Allen T (2003a) Gravitational sedimentation methods of particle size determination. Powder Sampling and Particle Size Determination:359–391

  • Allen T (2003b) Particle size analysis by image analysis. Powder sampling and particle size determination:142–207

  • Allen T (2003c) Centrifugal sedimentation methods of particle size determination. In: Powder sampling and particle size distribution, p ed. 392–446

    Google Scholar 

  • Andersson T (2010) Estimating particle size distributions based on machine vision. Luleå tekniska universitet

  • Antony SJ, Kuhn MR (2004) Influence of particle shape on granular contact signatures and shear strength: new insights from simulations. Int J Solids Struct 41(21):5863–5870

    Google Scholar 

  • Arasan S, Akbulut S, Hasiloglu AS (2011) The relationship between the fractal dimension and shape properties of particles. KSCE J Civ Eng 15(7):1219–1225

    Google Scholar 

  • Asadi MS, Rasouli V, Barla G (2012) A bonded particle model simulation of shear strength and asperity degradation for rough rock fractures. Rock Mech Rock Eng 45(5):649–675

    Google Scholar 

  • Aschenbrenner BC (1956) A new method of expressing particle sphericity. J Sediment Res 26(1):15–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Bagheri G, Bonadonna C (2016) Aerodynamics of volcanic particles: characterization of size, shape, and settling velocity. In: Volcanic Ash. Elsevier, pp 39–52

  • Bahaaddini M, Hagan PC, Mitra R, Khosravi MH (2016) Experimental and numerical study of asperity degradation in the direct shear test. Eng Geol 204:41–52

    Google Scholar 

  • Bahrani N, Kaiser PK, Valley B (2014) Distinct element method simulation of an analogue for a highly interlocked, non-persistently jointed rockmass. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 71:117–130

    Google Scholar 

  • Barrett P (1980) The shape of rock particles, a critical review. Sedimentology 27(3):291–303

    Google Scholar 

  • Barton N (1973) Review of a new shear-strength criterion for rock joints. Eng Geol 7(4):287–332

    Google Scholar 

  • Barton N, Bandis S (1982) Effects of block size on the shear behavior of jointed rock. In: The 23rd US symposium on rock mechanics (USRMS). American Rock Mechanics Association

  • Barton N, Choubey V (1977) The shear strength of rock joints in theory and practice. Rock Mech 10(1–2):1–54

    Google Scholar 

  • Berge PA, Berryman JG, Bonner BP (1993) Influence of microstructure on rock elastic properties. Geophys Res Lett 20(23):2619–2622

    Google Scholar 

  • Blott SJ, Pye K (2008) Particle shape: a review and new methods of characterization and classification. Sedimentology 55(1):31–63

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowman, E.T., K. Soga, and T.W. Drummond, Particle shape characterisation using Fourier analysis. 2000: University of Cambridge, Department of Engineering

  • Brideau M-A, Pedrazzini A, Stead D, Froese C, Jaboyedoff M, van Zeyl D (2011) Three-dimensional slope stability analysis of south peak, Crowsnest pass, Alberta, Canada. Landslides 8(2):139–158

    Google Scholar 

  • Cai Y, Tang HM, Wang DJ, Wen T (2018) A method for estimating the surface roughness of rock discontinuities. Math Probl Eng 2018:1–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen X-B, Li Z-Y, Zhang J-S (2014) Effect of granite gravel content on improved granular mixtures as railway subgrade fillings. J Cent South Univ 21(8):3361–3369

    Google Scholar 

  • Cho, N.a., C. Martin, and D. Sego, A clumped particle model for rock. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci, 2007. 44(7): p. 997–1010

  • Cho G, Dodds J, Santamarina J (2004) Particle shape effects on packing density. In: Stiffness and Strength of Natural and Crushed Sands-Internal Report. Georgia Institute of Technology, 33pp

  • Cho G-C, Dodds J, Santamarina JC (2006) Particle shape effects on packing density, stiffness, and strength: natural and crushed sands. J Geotech Geoenviron 132(5):591–602

    Google Scholar 

  • Cil MB, Sohn C, Buscarnera G (2020) DEM modeling of grain size effect in brittle granular soils. J Eng Mech 146(3):04019138

    Google Scholar 

  • Cleary PW (2019) Effect of rock shape representation in DEM on flow and energy utilisation in a pilot SAG mill. Computat Particle Mech 6(3):461–477

    Google Scholar 

  • Coetzee C (2017) Calibration of the discrete element method. Powder Technol 310:104–142

    Google Scholar 

  • Cundall PA (1971) A computer model for simulating progressive, large-scale movement in blocky rock system. In: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Rock Mechanics, vol 1971

    Google Scholar 

  • Cundall P (1987) Distinct element models of rock and soil structure. Analytical and computational methods in engineering rock mechanics:129–163

  • Cundall P (1988) Computer simulations of dense sphere assemblies. In: Studies in Applied Mechanics. Elsevier, pp 113–123

  • Cundall PA, Hart RD (1992) Numerical modelling of discontinuation. Eng Comput 9(2):101–113

    Google Scholar 

  • Cundall PA, Strack OD (1979) A discrete numerical model for granular assemblies. Geotechnique 29(1):47–65

    Google Scholar 

  • Dai M et al (2013) The relationship between the friction coefficient and the asperities original inclination angle. Res J Appl Sci Eng Technol 6(11):1906–1910

    Google Scholar 

  • De Temmerman P-J et al (2014) Semi-automatic size measurement of primary particles in aggregated nanomaterials by transmission electron microscopy. Powder Technol 261:191–200

    Google Scholar 

  • Deere DU, Miller R (1966) Engineering classification and index properties for intact rock. Illinois Univ At Urbana Dept Of Civil Engineering

  • Diepenbroek M, Bartholomä A, Ibbeken H (1992) How round is round? A new approach to the topic ‘roundness’ by Fourier grain shape analysis. Sedimentology 39(3):411–422

    Google Scholar 

  • Dieterich JH (1972) Time-dependent friction in rocks. J Geophys Res 77(20):3690–3697

    Google Scholar 

  • Duan K, Kwok C, Tham L (2015) Micromechanical analysis of the failure process of brittle rock. Int J Numer Anal Methods Geomech 39(6):618–634

    Google Scholar 

  • Eberhardt E, Stimpson B, Stead D (1999) Effects of grain size on the initiation and propagation thresholds of stress-induced brittle fractures. Rock Mech Rock Eng 32(2):81–99

    Google Scholar 

  • Engelder JT, Logan JM, Handin J (1975) The sliding characteristics of sandstone on quartz fault-gouge. Pure Appl Geophys 113(1):69–86

    Google Scholar 

  • Faria Fahim Badhon, A.I. Effect of gradation on shear strength of sand in International Conference on Engineering Research, Innovation and Education 2017. SUST, Sylhet, Bangladesh

  • Fang Z et al (2015) A contact detection algorithm for multi-sphere particles by means of two-level-grid-searching in DEM simulations. Int J Numer Methods Eng 102(13):1869–1893

    Google Scholar 

  • Fathi A, Moradian Z, Rivard P, Ballivy G, Boyd AJ (2016) Geometric effect of asperities on shear mechanism of rock joints. Rock Mech Rock Eng 49(3):801–820

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferellec J, McDowell G (2010) Modelling realistic shape and particle inertia in DEM. Géotechnique 60(3):227–232

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferrero AM, Marini P (2001) Experimental studies on the mechanical behaviour of two thermal cracked marbles. Rock Mech Rock Eng 34(1):57–66

    Google Scholar 

  • Folk RL (1955) Student operator error in determination of roundness, sphericity, and grain size. J Sediment Res 25(4):297–301

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghazvinian A et al (2012) A study of the failure mechanism of planar non-persistent open joints using PFC2D. Rock Mech Rock Eng 45(5):677–693

    Google Scholar 

  • Gong J, Liu J, Cui L (2019a) Shear behaviors of granular mixtures of gravel-shaped coarse and spherical fine particles investigated via discrete element method. Powder Technol 353:178–194

    Google Scholar 

  • Gong J, Nie Z, Zhu Y, Liang Z, Wang X (2019b) Exploring the effects of particle shape and content of fines on the shear behavior of sand-fines mixtures via the DEM. Comput Geotech 106:161–176

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodman RE (1989) Introduction to rock mechanics, vol 2. Wiley New York

  • Grohn P et al (2019) Contact models and dem simulation of micrometer-sized particles and agglomerates at static loading based on experimental characterization. In: Particles in Contact. Springer, pp 115–163

  • Gupta AK (2009) Effect of particle size and confining pressure on breakage and strength parameters of rockfill materials. Electronic J Geotech Eng 14(Bund. H):1–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Haggert K, Cox SJ, Jessell MW (1992) Observation of fault gouge development in laboratory see-through experiments. Tectonophysics 204(1–2):123–136

    Google Scholar 

  • Hajiabdolmajid, V.R., Mobilization of strength in brittle failure of rock. 2003

    Google Scholar 

  • Härtl J, Ooi JY (2011) Numerical investigation of particle shape and particle friction on limiting bulk friction in direct shear tests and comparison with experiments. Powder Technol 212(1):231–239

    Google Scholar 

  • Heap M et al (2011) Brittle creep in basalt and its application to time-dependent volcano deformation. Earth Planet Sci Lett 307(1–2):71–82

    Google Scholar 

  • Hencher S (2015) Practical rock mechanics. CRC Press

  • Hencher S, Richards L (2015) Assessing the shear strength of rock discontinuities at laboratory and field scales. Rock Mech Rock Eng 48(3):883–905

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoagland RG, Hahn GT, Rosenfield AR (1973) Influence of microstructure on fracture propagation in rock. Rock Mech 5(2):77–106

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoek E, Bray JD (2014) Rock slope engineering. CRC Press

  • Hong E-S, Kwon TH, Song KI, Cho GC (2016) Observation of the degradation characteristics and scale of unevenness on three-dimensional artificial rock joint surfaces subjected to shear. Rock Mech Rock Eng 49(1):3–17

    Google Scholar 

  • Hossaini KA, Babanouri N, Nasab SK (2014) The influence of asperity deformability on the mechanical behavior of rock joints. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 70:154–161

    Google Scholar 

  • Hyslip JP, Vallejo LE (1997) Fractal analysis of the roughness and size distribution of granular materials. Eng Geol 48(3–4):231–244

    Google Scholar 

  • Indraratna B, Premadasa W, Brown ET, Gens A, Heitor A (2014) Shear strength of rock joints influenced by compacted infill. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 70:296–307

    Google Scholar 

  • Indraratna B, Thirukumaran S, Brown ET, Zhu SP (2015) Modelling the shear behaviour of rock joints with asperity damage under constant normal stiffness. Rock Mech Rock Eng 48(1):179–195

    Google Scholar 

  • Islam MN et al (2011) Effect of particle size on the shear strength behaviour of sands. Aust Geomech 46(3):75–86

    Google Scholar 

  • Jaeger JC, Cook NG, Zimmerman R (2009) Fundamentals of rock mechanics. John Wiley & Sons

  • Jeong WC, Kim JY, Song JW (2004) A numerical study on the influence of fault zone heterogeneity in fractured rock media. KSCE J Civ Eng 8(5):575–588

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang M, Sun Y, Xiao Y (2012) An experimental investigation on the mechanical behavior between cemented granules. Geotech Test J 35(5):678–690

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang M, Zhang W, Sun Y, Utili S (2013) An investigation on loose cemented granular materials via DEM analyses. Granul Matter 15(1):65–84

    Google Scholar 

  • Johanson K (2009) Effect of particle shape on unconfined yield strength. Powder Technol 194(3):246–251

    Google Scholar 

  • Kamack H (1951) Particle-size determination by centrifugal pipet sedimentation. Anal Chem 23(6):844–850

    Google Scholar 

  • Karakus M, Liu Y, Zhang G, Tang H (2016) A new shear strength model incorporating influence of infill materials for rock joints. Geomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources 2(3):183–193

    Google Scholar 

  • Karami A, Stead D (2008) Asperity degradation and damage in the direct shear test: a hybrid FEM/DEM approach. Rock Mech Rock Eng 41(2):229–266

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim DH, Gratchev I, Balasubramaniam A (2013) Determination of joint roughness coefficient (JRC) for slope stability analysis: a case study from the Gold Coast area, Australia. Landslides 10(5):657–664

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim KY, Suh HS, Yun TS, Moon SW, Seo YS (2016) Effect of particle shape on the shear strength of fault gouge. Geosci J 20(3):351–359

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirkpatrick W (1965) Effects of grain size and grading on the shearing behaviour of granular materials. In: Proceedings of the sixth International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering

    Google Scholar 

  • Kock I, Huhn K (2007) Influence of particle shape on the frictional strength of sediments—a numerical case study. Sediment Geol 196(1–4):217–233

    Google Scholar 

  • Kojovic (1994) Prediction and control of aggregate shape resulting from crushing. In: Institute of Quarrying conference. Sydney

  • Kolahdoozan M, Hamedi M, Nikkhah-Bahrami M (2014) A novel model for the effect of geometric properties of micro/nanoscale asperities on surface adhesion. Int J Adhes Adhes 48:280–287

    Google Scholar 

  • Kolbuszewski J, Frederick M (1963) The significance of particle shape and size on the mechanical behaviour of granular materials. In: Proceedings of European conference on the soil mechanics and foundation engineering

    Google Scholar 

  • Kou M, Liu X, Tang S, Wang Y (2019) Experimental study of the prepeak cyclic shear mechanical behaviors of artificial rock joints with multiscale asperities. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 120:58–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Koyama T, Jing L (2007) Effects of model scale and particle size on micro-mechanical properties and failure processes of rocks—a particle mechanics approach. Engineering analysis with boundary elements 31(5):458–472

    Google Scholar 

  • Krumbein WC (1941) Measurement and geological significance of shape and roundness of sedimentary particles. J Sediment Res 11(2):64–72

    Google Scholar 

  • Krumbein WC, Sloss LL (1951) Stratigraphy and sedimentation, vol 71. LWW

  • Kun F, Varga I, Lennartz-Sassinek S, Main IG (2013) Approach to failure in porous granular materials under compression. Phys Rev E 88(6):062207

    Google Scholar 

  • Kwon T (2004) Shear behavior of rock joints–microscale characterization, Master thesis, KAIST, Republic of Korea

  • Kwon T-H, Hong E-S, Cho G-C (2010) Shear behavior of rectangular-shaped asperities in rock joints. KSCE J Civ Eng 14(3):323–332

    Google Scholar 

  • Lade PV, Overton DD (1989) Cementation effects in frictional materials. J Geotech Eng 115(10):1373–1387

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee H et al (2001) Influence of asperity degradation on the mechanical behavior of rough rock joints under cyclic shear loading. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 38(7):967–980

    Google Scholar 

  • Li Y (2013a) Effects of particle shape and size distribution on the shear strength behavior of composite soils. Bull Eng Geol Environ 72(3–4):371–381

    Google Scholar 

  • Li H (2013b) Discrete element method (DEM) modelling of rock flow and breakage within a cone crusher. University of Nottingham

  • Li Y, Huang R, Chan LS, Chen J (2013) Effects of particle shape on shear strength of clay-gravel mixture. KSCE J Civ Eng 17(4):712–717

    Google Scholar 

  • Li Y, Oh J, Mitra R, Hebblewhite B (2016) A constitutive model for a laboratory rock joint with multi-scale asperity degradation. Comput Geotech 72:143–151

    Google Scholar 

  • Lim MS et al (2013) The effects of particle morphology (shape and sizes) characteristics on its engineering behaviour and sustainable engineering performance of sand. Int J Integrated Eng 4(4)

  • Liu K (2009) Some factors affecting sieving performance and efficiency. Powder Technol 193(2):208–213

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu D et al (2011) Effect of particle shape on mechanical characters of rockfill in true triaxial numerical experiments. Chinese Journal of Water Resources and Power 29(9):68–71

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu Y, Lu CP, Zhao TB, Zhang H (2018) Effects of particle size on fault gouge frictional characteristics and associated acoustic emission. Advances in Civil Engineering 2018:1–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Lu Y, Tan Y, Li X, Liu C (2017) Methodology for simulation of irregularly shaped gravel grains and its application to DEM modeling. J Comput Civ Eng 31(5):04017023

    Google Scholar 

  • Manso J, Marcelino J, Caldeira L (2019) Effect of the clump size for bonded particle model on the uniaxial and tensile strength ratio of rock. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 114:131–140

    Google Scholar 

  • Maroof MA, Mahboubi A, Noorzad A, Safi Y (2020) A new approach to particle shape classification of granular materials. Transportation Geotechnics 22:100296

    Google Scholar 

  • Marschi ND, Chan CK, Seed HB (1972) Evaluation of properties of rockfill materials. Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division 98(1):95–114

    Google Scholar 

  • Mazzoli A, Favoni O (2012) Particle size, size distribution and morphological evaluation of airborne dust particles of diverse woods by scanning electron microscopy and image processing program. Powder Technol 225:65–71

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell JK, Soga K (2005) Fundamentals of soil behavior, vol 3. John Wiley & Sons, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Mizutani Y, Kodama H, Miyasaka K (1982) Doppler-Mie combination technique for determination of size-velocity correlation of spray droplets. Combustion and Flame 44(1–3):85–95

    Google Scholar 

  • Mojtaba Bahaaddini MR (2018) Distinct element modelling of the mechanical behavior of intact rocks using Voronoi tessellation model. Int J Min Geo-Eng 52-1:61–68

    Google Scholar 

  • Mollon G, Zhao J (2013) Generating realistic 3D sand particles using Fourier descriptors. Granul Matter 15(1):95–108

    Google Scholar 

  • Norouzi S, Baghbanan A, Khani A (2013) Investigation of grain size effects on micro/macro-mechanical properties of intact rock using Voronoi element—discrete element method approach. Part Sci Technol 31(5):507–514

    Google Scholar 

  • Norsyahariati NDN, Hui KR, Juliana AGA (2016) The effect of soil particle arrangement on shear strength behavior of silty sand. In: MATEC Web of Conferences. EDP Sciences

  • Nouguier-Lehon C (2010) Effect of the grain elongation on the behaviour of granular materials in biaxial compression. Comptes Rendus Mécanique 338(10–11):587–595

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogbonnaya I, Kyoji S, Hiroshi F (2009) The geotechnical properties of sands with varying grading in a stress-controlled ring shear tests. Electron J Geotech Eng 14:1–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Ovalle C, Frossard E, Dano C, Hu W, Maiolino S, Hicher PY (2014) The effect of size on the strength of coarse rock aggregates and large rockfill samples through experimental data. Acta Mech 225(8):2199–2216

    Google Scholar 

  • Ozcan O, Ruhland M, Stahl W (2000) The effect of pressure, particle size and particle shape on the shear strength of very fine mineral filter cakes. Int J Miner Process 59(2):185–193

    Google Scholar 

  • Pan T, Tutumluer E, Anochie-Boateng J (1952) Aggregate morphology affecting resilient behavior of unbound granular materials. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2006:12–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Park J-W, Song J-J (2009) Numerical simulation of a direct shear test on a rock joint using a bonded-particle model. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 46(8):1315–1328

    Google Scholar 

  • Patton, F.D. Multiple modes of shear failure in rock. In 1st ISRM Congress. 1966. International Society for Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering

  • Pedrazzini A, Jaboyedoff M, Froese CR, Langenberg CW, Moreno F (2011) Structural analysis of Turtle Mountain: origin and influence of fractures in the development of rock slope failures. Geol Soc Lond, Spec Publ 351(1):163–183

    Google Scholar 

  • Pereira J, De Freitas M (1993) Mechanisms of shear failure in artificial fractures of sandstone and their implication for models of hydromechanical coupling. Rock Mech Rock Eng 26(3):195–214

    Google Scholar 

  • Persson A-L (1998) Image analysis of shape and size of fine aggregates. Eng Geol 50(1–2):177–186

    Google Scholar 

  • Pike R (2002) Particle sizing by laser light scattering. In: Scattering. Elsevier, pp 895–919

  • Potyondy DO, Cundall P (2004) A bonded-particle model for rock. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 41(8):1329–1364

    Google Scholar 

  • Powers MC (1953) A new roundness scale for sedimentary particles. J Sediment Res 23(2):117–119

    Google Scholar 

  • Rathmayr GB, Hohenwarter A, Pippan R (2013) Influence of grain shape and orientation on the mechanical properties of high pressure torsion deformed nickel. Mater Sci Eng A 560:224–231

    Google Scholar 

  • Ravjee S, Jacobsz SW, Wilke DN, Govender N (2018) Discrete element model study into effects of particle shape on backfill response to cyclic loading behind an integral bridge abutment. Granul Matter 20(4):68

    Google Scholar 

  • Reddy M, Saji J (2002) Mineral processing and extractive metallurgy review: an international journal. Miner Process Extr Rev 23:199–227

    Google Scholar 

  • Riley NA (1941) Projection sphericity. J Sediment Res 11(2):94–95

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodriguez, J., Particle shape quantities and influence on geotechnical properties: a review. 2012

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodriguez J (2013) Importance of the particle shape on mechanical properties of soil materials. Luleå tekniska universitet

  • Rong G, Liu G, Hou D, Zhou CB (2013) Effect of particle shape on mechanical behaviors of rocks: a numerical study using clumped particle model. Sci World J 2013:1–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Rousé P, Fannin R, Shuttle D (2008) Influence of roundness on the void ratio and strength of uniform sand. Géotechnique 58(3):227–231

    Google Scholar 

  • Saadat M, Taheri A (2020) A numerical study to investigate the influence of surface roughness and boundary condition on the shear behaviour of rock joints. Bull Eng Geol Environ:1–16

  • Sabarishri, K., P. Krishnamurthy, and R. Arivazhagan, Influence of grain size and its distribution on the deformation Modulus and stress strain characteristics of sands. 2017

    Google Scholar 

  • Sabatakakis N, Koukis G, Tsiambaos G, Papanakli S (2008) Index properties and strength variation controlled by microstructure for sedimentary rocks. Eng Geol 97(1–2):80–90

    Google Scholar 

  • Sahoo, S., et al., Scanning Electron microscopy as an analytical tool for particle size distribution and aspect ratio analysis of ciprofloxacin mucoadhesive polymeric suspension. 2011

  • Sammis C, King G, Biegel R (1987) The kinematics of gouge deformation. Pure Appl Geophys 125(5):777–812

    Google Scholar 

  • Sandeep C, Senetakis K (2019) Influence of morphology on the micro-mechanical behavior of soil grain contacts. Geomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources 5(2):103–119

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanei M, Faramarzi L, Dehghani B (2014) Evaluation of rock discontinuity shear strength criteria based on the laboratory direct shear tests. Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering 26(3)

  • Scholz CH (1987) Wear and gouge formation in brittle faulting. Geology 15(6):493–495

    Google Scholar 

  • Scholz C, Molnar P, Johnson T (1972) Detailed studies of frictional sliding of granite and implications for the earthquake mechanism. J Geophys Res 77(32):6392–6406

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz AE (1964) Failure of rock in the triaxial shear test. In: The 6th US Symposium on Rock Mechanics (USRMS). American Rock Mechanics Association

  • Sezer A, Altun S, GÖKTEPE BA (2011) Relationships between shape characteristics and shear strength of sands. Soils Found 51(5):857–871

    Google Scholar 

  • Sh MM, Mirghasemi AA (2013) Mechanical behavior of granular particles with different angularities. In: Constitutive Modeling of Geomaterials. Springer, pp 431–440

  • Shinohara K, Oida M, Golman B (2000) Effect of particle shape on angle of internal friction by triaxial compression test. Powder Technol 107(1–2):131–136

    Google Scholar 

  • Siang A et al (2012) The effects of particle morphology (shapes and sizes) characteristics on its engineering behaviour and sustainable engineering performance of sand. Int J Integr Eng 4(3):27–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Siang AJL et al (2014) Innovative testing investigations on the influence of particle morphology and oil contamination on the geotechnical properties of sand. International Journal of Integrated Engineering 6(2)

  • Sibson RH (1986) Brecciation processes in fault zones: inferences from earthquake rupturing. Pure Appl Geophys 124(1–2):159–175

    Google Scholar 

  • Sitharam T, Nimbkar M (2000) Micromechanical modelling of granular materials: effect of particle size and gradation. Geotech Geol Eng 18(2):91–117

    Google Scholar 

  • Stark N, Hay AE, Cheel R, Lake CB (2014) The impact of particle shape on the angle of internal friction and the implications for sediment dynamics at a steep, mixed sand–gravel beach. Earth Surface Dynamics 2(2):469–480

    Google Scholar 

  • Stead D, Wolter A (2015) A critical review of rock slope failure mechanisms: the importance of structural geology. J Struct Geol 74:1–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Su YF, Lee SJ, Sukumaran B (2020) Influence of particle morphology simplification on the simulation of granular material behavior. Granul Matter 22(1):1–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Sukumaran B, Ashmawy A (2001) Quantitative characterisation of the geometry of discrete particles. Geotechnique 51(7):619–627

    Google Scholar 

  • Switzer AD (2013) Measuring and analyzing particle size in a geomorphic context. In: Switzer A, Kennedy DM (eds) Treatise on Geomorphology, pp 224–242

    Google Scholar 

  • Symes RF (2011) Rock & mineral. Dorling Kindersley Ltd.

  • TAJDAR MFART (2011) Particle size measurement techniques: a review of methods and application. Jurnal of Teknologi, Ogos 55 (Sains & Kej.) Keluaran Khas (2):137–149

  • Tang ZC, Jiao YY, Wong LNY (2017) Theoretical model with multi-asperity interaction for the closure behavior of rock joint. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 97:15–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Tickell FG, Hiatt WN (1938) Effect of angularity of grain on porosity and permeability of unconsolidated sands. AAPG Bull 22(9):1272–1274

    Google Scholar 

  • Ting JM, Meachum L, Rowell JD (1995) Effect of particle shape on the strength and deformation mechanisms of ellipse-shaped granular assemblages. Eng Comput 12(2):99–108

    Google Scholar 

  • Tong C-X et al (2017) A simple particle-size distribution model for granular materials. Can Geotech J 55(2):246–257

    Google Scholar 

  • Török Á et al (2016) Terrestrial laser scanner aided survey and stability analyses of rhyolite tuff cliff faces with potential rock-fall hazards, an example from Hungary. In: Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering: From the Past to the Future: Eurock, pp 877–881

    Google Scholar 

  • Tutumluer E, Pan T (2008) Aggregate morphology affecting strength and permanent deformation behavior of unbound aggregate materials. J Mater Civ Eng 20(9):617–627

    Google Scholar 

  • Tutumluer, E., T. Pan, and S.H. Carpenter, Investigation of aggregate shape effects on hot mix performance using an image analysis approach. 2005

    Google Scholar 

  • Varela Valdez A (2015) Mechanical behavior of rock joints: influence of joint roughness on its closure and shear behavior. Bordeaux

  • Vattai A, Rozgonyi-Boissinot N (2018) The effect of grain size, surface roughness, and joint compressive strength on shear strength along discontinuities of Hungarian sandstones. Central European Geology 61(1):34–49

    Google Scholar 

  • Wadell H (1933) Sphericity and roundness of rock particles. The Journal of Geology 41(3):310–331

    Google Scholar 

  • Wadell H (1935) Volume, shape, and roundness of quartz particles. The Journal of Geology 43(3):250–280

    Google Scholar 

  • Wei J, Men Y, Sun S, le H, Zhu F (2018) Experimental study on 3D roughness and shear failure mechanism of rock mass discontinuity. Advances in Civil Engineering 2018:1–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Wen-Jie X, Qiang X, Rui-Lin H (2011) Study on the shear strength of soil–rock mixture by large scale direct shear test. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 48(8):1235–1247

    Google Scholar 

  • Wentworth CK (1923) Method of measuring and plotting the shapes of pebbles. US Government Printing Office

  • Wichtmann T, Triantafyllidis T (2009) Influence of the grain-size distribution curve of quartz sand on the small strain shear modulus G max. J Geotech Geoenviron 135(10):1404–1418

    Google Scholar 

  • Woodcock N, Mort K (2008) Classification of fault breccias and related fault rocks. Geol Mag 145(3):435–440

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu J, Feng M, Chen Z, Mao X, Han G, Wang Y (2018) Particle size distribution effects on the strength characteristic of cemented paste backfill. Minerals 8(8):322

    Google Scholar 

  • Wyllie DC, Mah C (2014) Rock slope engineering. CRC Press

  • Xiaoshu C, Gang Z, Naining W, Hongwu Z (1995) A new on-line measurement method for particle sizing. J Aerosol Sci 26:S761–S762

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu S, Yin X, Dang F (2009) Mechanical characteristics of rock and soil affected by particle size of crystal and mineral. Rock Soil Mech 30(9):2581–2587

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang Z, Chiang D (2000) An experimental study on the progressive shear behavior of rock joints with tooth-shaped asperities. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 8(37):1247–1259

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang S-Q, Huang YH, Jing HW, Liu XR (2014) Discrete element modeling on fracture coalescence behavior of red sandstone containing two unparallel fissures under uniaxial compression. Eng Geol 178:28–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang X, Wang J, Hou D, Zhu C, He M (2018) Effect of dry-wet cycling on the mechanical properties of rocks: a laboratory-scale experimental study. Processes 6(10):199

    Google Scholar 

  • Yin P-F, Yang S-Q (2019) Discrete element modeling of strength and failure behavior of transversely isotropic rock under uniaxial compression. J Geol Soc India 93(2):235–246

    Google Scholar 

  • Yoon JS, Zang A, Stephansson O (2012) Simulating fracture and friction of Aue granite under confined asymmetric compressive test using clumped particle model. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 49:68–83

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang X, Baudet B (2013) Particle breakage in gap-graded soil. Géotechnique Letters 3(2):72–77

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Z, Nemcik J, Ma S (2013) Micro-and macro-behaviour of fluid flow through rock fractures: an experimental study. Hydrogeol J 21(8):1717–1729

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang S, Tong CX, Li X, Sheng D (2015) A new method for studying the evolution of particle breakage. Géotechnique 65(11):911–922

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang X et al (2018) Influence of asperity morphology on failure characteristics and shear strength properties of rock joints under direct shear tests. International Journal of Geomechanics 19(2):04018196

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao B, Wang J (2016) 3D quantitative shape analysis on form, roundness, and compactness with μCT. Powder Technol 291:262–275

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao Z, Jing L, Neretnieks I (2012) Particle mechanics model for the effects of shear on solute retardation coefficient in rock fractures. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 52:92–102

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao Z, Peng H, Wu W, Chen YF (2018) Characteristics of shear-induced asperity degradation of rock fractures and implications for solute retardation. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 105:53–61

    Google Scholar 

  • Zheng J, Hryciw R (2015) Traditional soil particle sphericity, roundness and surface roughness by computational geometry. Géotechnique 65(6):494–506

    Google Scholar 

  • Zheng J, Hryciw RD (2016) Roundness and sphericity of soil particles in assemblies by computational geometry. J Comput Civ Eng 30(6):04016021

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou J et al (2013a) Numerical simulation of failure behavior of granular debris flows based on flume model tests. TheScientificWorldJournal 2013:603130–603130

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou W, Ma G, Chang X, Zhou C (2013b) Influence of particle shape on behavior of rockfill using a three-dimensional deformable DEM. J Eng Mech 139(12):1868–1873

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou W et al (2016) Influence of particle shape on mechanical behavior of granular materials. In: International Conference on Discrete Element Methods. Springer, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Kausar Sultan Shah and Muhammad Junaid are extremely thankful to the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan for HRDI-UESTPs scholarship.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Strategic Mineral Niche, School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia

    Kausar Sultan Shah, Mohd Hazizan bin Mohd Hashim & Kamar Shah bin Ariffin

  2. Department of Mining Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore, Punjab, 54690, Pakistan

    Muhammad Zaka Emad

  3. Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Skudai, Malaysia

    Muhammad Junaid

  4. Department of Mining Engineering, BUITEMS, Quetta, 87650, Pakistan

    Naseer Muhammad Khan

Authors
  1. Kausar Sultan Shah
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mohd Hazizan bin Mohd Hashim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Muhammad Zaka Emad
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Kamar Shah bin Ariffin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Muhammad Junaid
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Naseer Muhammad Khan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohd Hazizan bin Mohd Hashim.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Responsible Editor: Zeynal Abiddin Erguler

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Shah, K.S., Hashim, M.H.b.M., Emad, M.Z. et al. Effect of particle morphology on mechanical behavior of rock mass. Arab J Geosci 13, 708 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-020-05680-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-020-05680-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation