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Hydro-geochemical assessment of an open dumpsite in a basement complex of Abeokuta, Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria

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Abstract

The study assesses heavy metal concentrations in soil and groundwater samples collected around Saje dumpsite, Abeokuta, Nigeria. Health risks caused by the presence of the heavy metals to the inhabitant of the dumpsite were also evaluated. Sixteen soil samples were collected at depths 0–20, 20–40, 40–60, and 60–80 cm, and 12 groundwater samples were obtained from nearby hand-dug wells for Pb, Fe, Cu, Ni, Zn, and Cd analyses using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Measured heavy metal concentrations were used to evaluate the health risks. The mean concentrations varied significantly in the soil analysis with Fe having the highest concentration. Control samples had lower concentrations compared with the study samples. The Hazard Index values indicated insignificant non-carcinogenic health risk for children and adults. The carcinogenic health risks associated with Pb and Cd for children were within the acceptable range, while for adults, Cd possesses serious risk, and Pb was within the limit. High concentrations of Pb, Ni, Cd, and Fe were observed to a distance of about 150 m in the groundwater analysis with higher concentrations of Fe. Groundwater contamination index ranged between 1 and 5, indicating slight contaminations. Pb had the highest pollution index, while Ni, Zn, and Cu had the least pollution indices. Samples S3, S4, S6, S9, and S10 indicated unacceptable non-carcinogenic health risks while S1, S2, S5, S7, S8, S11, and S12 indicated acceptable level. The carcinogenic health risks of being exposed to Cd and Pb possess serious health risks. The subsurface had been highly polluted with toxic metals making the soil and groundwater unsuitable for both domestic and agricultural purposes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria

    Akintayo O. Ojo, Oluwaseun T. Olurin, Saheed A. Ganiyu & Biodun S. Badmus

  2. Department of Science Laboratory Technology, D.S. Adegbenro ICT Polytechnic, Itori-Ewekoro, Ogun State, Nigeria

    Akintayo O. Ojo

  3. Department of Water Resources and Agrometerology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria

    Olufemi A. Idowu

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  1. Akintayo O. Ojo
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  2. Oluwaseun T. Olurin
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  3. Saheed A. Ganiyu
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  4. Biodun S. Badmus
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Correspondence to Akintayo O. Ojo.

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Ojo, A.O., Olurin, O.T., Ganiyu, S.A. et al. Hydro-geochemical assessment of an open dumpsite in a basement complex of Abeokuta, Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria. Arab J Geosci 13, 620 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-020-05651-w

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