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Numerical characterization of torrential floods in the plain of Saïdia (North-East of Morocco)

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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to characterize torrential floods in the plain of Saïdia, caused by water discharges of the rivers (oueds) passing through Ouled Mansor plateau, by determining the following parameters: hydrographs, watershed properties, and hazards maps. Hydrographs of torrential floods are elaborated for different return periods (5,10, 20, 50, and 100 years), based on an hourly disaggregation of rainfall and on the construction of a local Digital Elevation Model (DEM) in the city of Saïdia, using the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). The watersheds are extracted from the SRTM digital elevation model (DEM) (30 m resolution), while Iber code is used to elaborate hazard maps based on the 2D Saint-Venant shallow water model using finite volumes. The hydrographs maxima of the different oueds for different return periods show good correlation with the values recorded by the Agence du Bassin Hydraulique de Moulouya (ABHM). Overall, the obtained hazard maps are consistent with the flooded areas derived by the ABHM. The results show that there are three longitudinally variable runoff areas. For a better illustration of the aforementioned zones, three cross-sectional profiles A-A, B-B, C-C were carried out. The water accumulation is mainly due to the presence of two depressions that have been highlighted by other works. The maximum height of the runoff is in the central area of Saïdia, which is a city developed for tourism. Thus, the realization of a hydraulic structure to deviate the water towards the Moulouya River is necessary. The design of the structure is based on the hydrographs obtained in this work. The parameters obtained play an important role in defining flood susceptibility zones in the study region. The results are a key input for the definition of flood mitigation measures in the area and are a useful tool for future urban planning and development of the city of Saïdia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed Premier, BP 717, 60000, Oujda, Morocco

    A. Grari

  2. Department of Mechanic and Applied Mathematics, National School of Applied Sciences, University Mohamed Premier, BP 669, 60000, Oujda, Morocco

    M. Chourak & F. Boushaba

  3. Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Cadi Ayyad University, 112 Boulevard Abdelkrim Al Khattabi, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco

    S. Cherif

  4. Environmental Hydraulics Institute IH Cantabria, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Cantabria, C/ Isabel Torres, 15, 39011, Santander, Cantabria, Spain

    E. García Alonso

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  1. A. Grari
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  2. M. Chourak
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  3. F. Boushaba
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  4. S. Cherif
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  5. E. García Alonso
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Correspondence to S. Cherif.

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Editorial handling: Ozgur Kisi

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Grari, A., Chourak, M., Boushaba, F. et al. Numerical characterization of torrential floods in the plain of Saïdia (North-East of Morocco). Arab J Geosci 12, 321 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-019-4288-1

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