Abstract
Rock alteration is an important problem of engineering rock mechanics to be solved in Southwest China. X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that rock alteration was formed under specific geological conditions with mineral composition of mainly kaolinite alterated from feldspar. Besides feldspar kaolinization, major types of alteration also include feldspar chloritization in which chlorite replaces some dark minerals (such as biotite and hornblende) in rocks. Rock alteration in the study area is mainly developed in the unloading zone, where NE- and NW-trending faults are found. The surrounding rock heterogeneity such as mineralization, alteration, and structural fault distribution leads to complexity in groundwater system. The chemical composition of groundwater in the transition from dry seasons to rainy seasons and the distribution of strongly permeable zones should be considered in evaluating whether seepage deformations or other engineering problems occur under the high pressure of water permeation.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abbaszadeh M, Hezarkhani A (2013) Enhancement of hydrothermal alteration zones using the spectral feature fitting method in Rabor area, Kerman, Iran. Arab J Geosci 6:1957–1964
Chen DYQ, Yang T, Xu CY (2010) Hydrologic alteration along the Middle and Upper East River (Dongjiang) basin, South China: a visually enhanced mining on the results of RVA method. Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess 24(1):9–18
Dwijesh R, Catherine M, Ranadip B (2009) Hydrothermal alteration studies of gabbros from Northern Central Indian Ridge and their geodynamic implications. J Earth Syst Sci 118(6):659–676
Eilu P, Mikucki EJ (1998) Alteration and primary geochemical dispersion associated with the Bulletin lode-gold deposit, Wiluna, Western Australia. J Geotech Explor 63(2):73–103
Eilu P, Edward J, Mikucki AL (2001) Alteration zoning and primary geochemical dispersion at the Bronzewing lode-gold deposit, Western Australia. Miner Deposita 36(1):13–31
Elumalai M, Antunes C, Guilhermino L (2005) Alterations of reproductive parameters in the crab Carcinus maenas after exposure to metals. Water Air Soil Pol 160:245–258
Ghanbari Y, Ramazi HR, Pazand K, Madani N (2013) Investigation of rock quality of Shirinrud dam site by engineering seismology. Arab J Geosci 6:177–185
Hürzeler JP, Abart R (2008) Fluid flow and rock alteration along the Glarus thrust. Swiss J Geosci 101(2):251–268
Khalokakaie R, Naghadehi MZ (2012) Ranking the rock slope instability potential using the Ineraction Matrix (IM) technique; a case study in Iran. Arab J Geosci 5:263–273
Meng GT, Xu WY, Yang SQ (2008) Genesis mechanism and engineering characteristics analysis of G23 mylonitization and fractured belt in dam foundation of a hydropower station. Rock Soil Mech 29(6):1691–1696 (in Chinese)
Ozcelik Y, Bayram F, Yasitli NE (2013) Prediction of engineering properties of rocks from microscopic data. Arab J Geosci 6:3651–3668
Pazand K, Hezarkhani A, Ataei M (2013) The application of lithogeochemical and alteration index for copper mineralization in the Sonajil area, NW Iran. Arab J Geosci 6:1447–1456
Qin LM, Xu M (2007) Chloritized alteration rock mass and the engineering countermeasures in a hydropower station dam site in southwest China. Chin J Geol Hazard Control 18(1):68–72 (in Chinese)
Qin KZ, Li GM, Zhao JX (2008) Discovery of sharing large-scale porphyry molybdenum deposit, the first single Mo deposit in Tibet and its significance. Geol China 35(6):1101–1112 (in Chinese)
Qu YX (1985) The engineering geological problems of swelling rock in underground construction. Engineering geomechanics problems of rockmass (no. 5). Science, Beijing, in Chinese
Qu YX (2004) Soft rock and soft interlayer. Century achievements of China Geological engineering. Geologic Publishing House, Beijing, in Chinese
Qu YX, Xu XL, Wu ZL (1992) Engineering geological research on cementation of mud-rock from eastern China. Annual report 1992 of engineering geomechanics laboratory institute of geology of Chinese academy of sciences. Seismological, Beijing, pp 1–18, in Chinese
Yang GL, Huang RQ, Wang JZ (2006) Study on the pore characteristics and the weakness of altered-rock for a prohect. J Miner Petrol 26(4):111–115, in Chinese
Ye TQ (1991) Research on the characteristic of Pb-Zn mine ore and the metallogenesis system in Nujiang–Lancangjiang–Jinshajiang region. Beijing Press of Science and Technology, Beijing, in Chinese
Zhai YS (1999) Regional metallogeny. Geological Publishing House, Beijing, in Chinese
Zhang FG, Tu XX (1994) Engineering geological characteristics of clay alteration granite. Guangdong Geol 9(3):25–34 (in Chinese)
Zhang YS, Qu YX, Liu JR (2007) Engineering geological research on altered rocks in the area of NW Yunnan along Yunnan-Tibet Railway line. China J Geotech Eng 29(4):531–536, in Chinese
Acknowledgments
This research was supported by the Project Funded by the State Basic Research, Development Program of China (no. 2013CB036003), the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and the Project supported by the National Science Youth Foundation of China (grant no. 41102201).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sun, Q. Rock alteration in a hydraulic engineering project in Southwest China. Arab J Geosci 8, 23–27 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-013-1194-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-013-1194-9