Skip to main content
Log in

Impact of shore-parallel breakwaters on the microtidal coast of Hammam-Lif (North-East of Tunisia)

(التونسية البلاد شرق شمال) الأنف حمام ساحل في الأمواج كاسرات تأثير

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Arabian Journal of Geosciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The Hammam Lif coast (North-East of Tunisia) suffered from erosion mainly after the storm that damaged the zone in 1981. To protect it, eight shore-parallel breakwaters were built. The present study is interested in presenting the effect of the protection works on the coastline behavior by using aerial photographs geo-referenced by the digital photogrammetric method and empirical relationships. The successive breakwaters made a general accretion with formation of seven tombolos and salient. The response of the coast to these structures was related to the characteristics of these latter (length, distance to coast, and spacing). The effectiveness of such protection works is shown by the evaluation of the accretion areas formed behind them. The breakwaters which are the longest, less distant from the shoreline, and less spaced formed well-developed tombolos. Whereas, the structures which are short, very far from the coastline, and far from each other caused very small tombolos and even a salient.

ملخص

 تعرض شاطئ منطقة حمام الأنف المتواجد بخليج تونس، شمال غرب البلاد التونسية٬ إلى التعرية البحرية خصوصا بعد العاصفة التي أحلت بالجهة سنة 1981. لذلك، تم بناء ثمانية كاسرات أمواج موازية للشاطئ قصد حمايته اهتمت هذه الدراسة ببيان تأثير هذه الكاسرات في تطور الشريط الساحلي بالمنطقة وذلك بالاستعانة بصور جوية معالجة رقميا وبتطبيق معادلات نظرية. تمكنت كاسرات الأمواج المتتالية من إحداث ترسبات هامة خاصة وراءها، وقد كان تجاوب الشاطئ مرتبطا بالخاصيات التي تميز هذه الكاسرات مثل طولها،المسافة التي تفصلها عن الشاطئ والمسافة التي تفصل كل كاسرة عن التي تليها. إذ استنتجنا أن الكاسرات الأكثر طولا والأكثر اقترابا من الشاطئ ومن بعضها البعض كونت خلفها مساحات هامة من الترسبات، في حين أن المساحات الصغيرة تكونت خلف كاسرات الأمواج التي تتميز بقصرها، شدة ابتعادها عن الشاطئ وطول المسافة الفاصلة بين كاسرتين متتاليتين

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ahrens JP, Cox J (1990) Design and performance of reef breakwaters. J Coast Res 1:61–75

    Google Scholar 

  • Berenguer JM, Enriquez J (1988) Design of pocket beaches, the Spanish case. In: Proceedings 21st Coastal Engineering Conference, Malaga, Spain: 1411–1425

  • Birben AR, Özölçer IH, Karasu S, Kömürcü MI (2007) Investigation of the effects of offshore breakwater parameters on sediment accumulation. Ocean Eng 34:284–302

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dally WR, Pope J (1986) Detached breakwaters for shore protection. US Army Corps of Engineers, Coastal Research Center, Vicksburg

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Folk R, Word W (1957) Brazors river bors, a study in significance of grain size parameters. J Sedim Petrol 27:13–27

    Google Scholar 

  • González M, Medina R (2001) On the application of static equilibrium bay formulations to natural and man-made beaches. Coast Eng 43:209–225

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laboratoire Central d’Hydraulique de France (1982) Protection des plages sud de Tunis. 2ème partie, 37p

  • McCormick ME (1993) Equilibrium shoreline response to breakwaters. J Waterw Port Coast Ocean Eng 119(6):657–670

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moussa S, Hiromitsu Y, Maasaki T, Toshio Y (2007) Environmental of shore-parallel breakwaters along Nagahama and Ohgata, District of Joetsu, Japan. J Environ Manag 82:399–409

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pope J, Dean JL (1986) Development of design criteria for segmented breakwaters. In: Proceedings of 20th International Conference on Coastal Engineering, Taipei: 2149–2158

  • Rosati JD, Gravens MB, Chasten MA (1992) Development of detached breakwaters design criteria using a shoreline response model. Coast Eng Prac 92:814–882

    Google Scholar 

  • Sliti M (1990) Fonctionnement des brise-lames dans le système littoral du golfe de Tunis. Thèse de 3ème cycle. Université de Bordeaux I, 204 p

  • SOGREAH (1981) Plages de Tunis; mesures conservatoires pour la protection des plages après la tempête de janvier 1981, 13 p

  • Suh K, Dalrymple RA (1987) Offshore breakwaters in laboratory and field. J Waterw Port Coast Ocean Eng 113(2):105–121

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thomalla F, Vincent CE (2004) Designing offshore breakwaters using empirical relationships: a case study from Norfolk, United Kingdom. J Coast Res 20(4):1224–1230

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tucker ME (1981) Sedimentary petrology: an introduction to the origin of sedimentary rocks, 2nd ed. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Geoscience texts, 260 p

  • Zeggaf Tahri M (1999) Etude d’impact des ouvrages de protection sur la dynamique sédimentaire du littoral du golfe de Tunis et des côtes nord de Mahdia. Doctorat de géologie. Fac. Sci. Tunis, 140 p

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hanen B. Saïdi.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Saïdi, H.B., Souissi, R. & Zargouni, F. Impact of shore-parallel breakwaters on the microtidal coast of Hammam-Lif (North-East of Tunisia). Arab J Geosci 5, 345–352 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-010-0223-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-010-0223-1

Keywords

Navigation