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Dokhan volcanics of Gabal Monqul area, North Eastern Desert, Egypt: geochemistry and petrogenesis

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Abstract

The Dokhan volcanics are represented by a thick stratified lava flows succession of basalt, andesite, imperial porphyry, dacite, rhyodacite, rhyolite, ignimbrites, and tuffs. These lavas are interbanded with their pyroclastics in some places including banded ash flow tuffs, lithic tuffs, crystal lapilli tuffs, and agglomerates. They are typical calc–alkaline and developed within volcanic arc environment. All rocks show moderate enrichment of most large ion lithophile elements relative to high field strength elements (HFSE). The incompatible trace elements increase from basalt through andesite to rhyolite. The felsic volcanics are characterized by moderate total rare earth elements (REE) contents (162 to 392 ppm), less fractionated patterns {(Ce/Yb)N = (1.24 to 10.93)}, and large negative Eu anomaly {(Eu/Eu*) = (0.15 to 0.92)}. The mafic volcanics have the lowest REE contents (61 to 192 ppm) and are relatively steep {(Ce/Yb)N = (3.2 to 8.5)}, with no negative Eu anomalies {(Eu/Eu*) = (0.88 to 1)}. The rhyolite displays larger negative Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu* = 0.28) than those of other varieties, indicating that the plagioclase was an early major fractionating phase. The mineralogical and chemical variations within volcanics are consistent with their evolution by fractional crystallization of plagioclase and clinopyroxene.

Abstract

تمثل بركانيات الدخان، بمنطقة جبل منقل، بطبقات سميكة من تدفقات حممية متمثلة بالبازلت ، الانديسايت ، الحجر السماق الامبراطوري ، الداسايت ، والريوداسيت والريولايت ، وكذلك الاجنمبرايت والفتات البركاني. هذه الحمم تتطابق وتتداخل مع فتاتها البركاني في بعض الأماكن ، محتوية على الأحجار المتكونة من الرماد البركاني، الأحجار البركانية الصوانية ، الأحجار البركانية لابلية الحجم، والتى تحوى على بلورات، وكتل بركانية كذلك. تكونت بركانيات الدخان من حمم بركانية كلس-قلوية نموذجية تطورت في إطار بيئة قوس بركانية. جميع الصخور تظهر اثراء متوسطاً لمعظم العناصر الأرضية المحبة للسيليكات (lithophile) ذات القطر الايوني الكبير (LILE) بالنسبية للعناصر القوية عالية الميدان .(HFSE) وتزاد العناصر الشحيحة الغير متوافقة من البازلت مروراً بالانديسايت وصولاً للريولايت. وتتميز البركانيات السليكاتية بمحتواها المتوسط لمجموع العناصر الأرضية النذرة (162 حتي 392 جزء في المليون) ، مع مظهر تفاضلى قليل ((سيريوم / إتيربيوم)N = (1.24 إلى 10.93)) وشاذة سلبية كبيرة لعنصر اليروبيوم ((يروبيوم/ يروبيوم* = 0.15 إلى 0.92)). اما البركانيات الحديدية المغنسيومية فلها أدنى محتوى من العناصر الأرضية النذرة (61 حتي 192 جزء في المليون) مع مظهر تفاضلى حاد ((سيريوم / إتيربيوم)N = 3.2 إلى 8.5)) ، و عدم وجود شاذة سلبية لعنصر اليروبيوم ((اليروبيوم / اليروبيوم* = 0.88الى 1)). اما بالنسبة الريولايت فيعرض أكبر شاذة سلبية لعنصر اليروبيوم (((اليروبيوم / اليروبيوم* = 0.28) بالنسبة للعناصر الأخرى مشيرا إلى أن البلاجيوجلاز تمايز فى مرحلة مبكرة. هذا وأن الاختلافات المعدنية والكيميائية داخل البركانيات تتسق مع تطورتمايزها البلورى للبلاجيوجلازو كلينو بيروكسين.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530, Maadi, Cairo, Egypt

    Adel A. A. Abdel Wahed, Khaled G. Ali & Ahmed E. Abdel Gawad

  2. Faculty of Science, Damietta Branch, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

    Magdy M. A. Khalil

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  1. Adel A. A. Abdel Wahed
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  2. Khaled G. Ali
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  3. Magdy M. A. Khalil
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Correspondence to Khaled G. Ali.

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Abdel Wahed, A.A.A., Ali, K.G., Khalil, M.M.A. et al. Dokhan volcanics of Gabal Monqul area, North Eastern Desert, Egypt: geochemistry and petrogenesis. Arab J Geosci 5, 29–44 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-010-0136-z

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