Abstract
Culmicolus smut (Sporisorium scitamineum Meike), the sett borne pathogen causes considerable loss to sugarcane productivity especially to ratoon crop. Use of fungicides may cause environmental hazards besides residual problem. Therefore, twenty five plant species and Trichoderma viride was evaluated in vitro against smut pathogen (Sporisorium scitamineum). Out of twenty five plant species, leaf extracts (10%) of Calendula officinalis, Solanum nigrum and culture filtrate (5%) T. viride (bioagent) inhibited mycelial growth and teliospore germination of S. scitemineum. In plant crop, smut incidence was 2.07% in dipping of infected setts in leaf extract of S. nigrum before planting, while in remaining treatments it ranged between 3.38 to 7.28% as against 11.3% in control. In ratoon crop, the smut incidence was 5.38% in the same treatment, while in rest of the treatments it ranged between 6.85 to 9.94 per cent as against 15.3% in control. However, sett treatment with T. viride culture filtrate (5.0%) was superior among all the treatments as it improved germination (6.2%), millable canes (27.33%) and cane cane yield (38.18%) in plant crop and sprouting of clumps (12.57%), millable canes (51.46%) and yield (48.75%) in ratoon crop, respectively.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Agnihotri VP (1990). Diseases of Sugarcane and Sugar beet, Oxford & IBH, Pub. Co., New Delhi, 483p.
Agnihotri VP, Sinha OK (1996). Culmicolous smut of sugarcane. In: Disease Scenario in Crop Plants. Vol.II (Eds. V.P. Agnihotri, Om Prakash, Ram Kishun, A.K. Mishra), Intern. Books & Periodicals Supply Sewrvice, Delhi, pp. 137–149.
Datnoff LE, Sand N, Pernezny K (1995). Biological control of Fusarium crown and root rot of tomato in Florida using Trichoderma harzianum and Glomus intraradices. Biol. Contrl. 5: 427–431.
Gogoi R, Saikia M, Helim R, Ullah Z (2007). Management of potato diseases using Trichoderma viride formulations. J. Mycol. & Pl. Pathol. 37(2); 227-230.
Harman GE (2000). Myths and Dogmas of Biocontrol: Changes in perceptions derived from research on Trichoderma harzianum T-22. Plant Dis. 84: 377–393.
Harman GE, Hayes CK, Lorito M, Broadway RM, Di Pietro A, Trosma A (1993). Chitinolytic ezymes of Trichoderma harzianum: purification of Chitinosidase and endo-chitinase. Phytoopatholgy 83: 313–318.
Harman GE, Howell CR, Viterbo A, Chet I, Lorito M (2004). Trichoderma species-oppertunistic, avirulent plant symbionts. Nature Rev. Microbiol. 2: 43–56.
Howell CR (1998). The role of antibiosis in bio-control. In: Trichoderma and Gliocladium Vol.II, Eds G.E. Harman and C.P. Kubick, Taylor and Francis, London, pp. 173–184.
Howell CR (2003). Mechanism employed by Trichoderma species in the biological control of plant diseases: The history and evaluation of current concepts. Plant Disease 87: 4–10.
Lal RJ, Srivastava SN, Sinha OK (2002). Fungitoxicity of some botanicals against fungal pathogens of sugarcane. Intern. Symposium on “Food, Nutrition and Security through Diversification in Sugarcane Production and Processing System” held at I.I.S.R., Lucknow from Dec. 16–18, 2002., p 106–07.
Martinez B, Gonzales R, Balance C (1998). Antagonism of Trichoderma spp. strains on some sugarcane pathogens. Fitopathologia 33:207–211.
Miranda I, Martinez B, de Paula S (1996). Application of a method of the response surface to optimization of the growth and sporulation of Trichoderma sp. Rev. Prot. Veg. 11:99–103.
Mukhopadhyaya AN (1996). Recent innovations in plant disease control by eco-friendly bio-pesticides. Presidential Address in Agricultural Sciences Section, 83rd Indian Science Congress, Patiala.
Ozbay N, Newman SE, Brown WM (2004). The effect of Trichoderma harzianum strains on the growth of tomato seedlings. Proc. XXVI IHC-Managing soil -borne pathogens. Acta Hort. 635: 131–135.
Pipenbring M, Stoll M, Oberwinkler F (2002). The generic position of Ustilago maydis, Ustilago scitaminea and Ustilago esculanta (Ustilaginales). Mycol. Progress 1: 71–80.
Singh SN (1998). Effect of sett treatment with fungicides and heat therapy on whip smut and yield of sugarcane. Coop. Sugar 29: 779–780.
Singh V, Joshi BB, Awasthi SK, Srivastava SN (2008). Eco-friendly management of red rot disease of sugarcane with Trichoderma strains. Sugar Tech. 10(2): 156–161.
Srivastava SN, Singh V, Awasthi SK (2006a). Trichoderma induced improvement in growth, yield and quality of sugarcane. Sugar Tech. 8(2&3): 166–169.
Srivastava SN, Bajpai KK, Bhatnagar S, Awasthi SK (2006b). Effect of bio-agents and fungicides on sprouting and growth of sugarcane ratoon. Indian J. Sugarcane Technol. 21(1&2): 43–48.
Vaishnav MU, Sabalpara AN, Khandar RR (1992). Mycoparasitism of sugarcane smut (Ustilago scitaminea Syd.) by four fungi. Indian J. Mycol & Plant Pathol. 22: 142–145.
Vijaya M (2000). Chemical control of sett-borne infection of smut of sugarcane. J. Mycol. & Pl. Pathol. 30: 128–129.
Vrany J, Rasochova M, Fiker A, Dobias K (1990). Inoculation of potatoes with microorganisms under field conditions. I. Effect of plant growth, yields and physiological properties of tubers in potato and sugar beet regions. Folia Microbilogica 35(4); 324–335.
Wada AC, Mian MAW, Anaso AB, Bhusari LD, Knowen-N dung EH (1999). Control of sugarcane smut (Ustilago scitaminea Syd.) disease in Nigeria and suggestions for integrated pest management approach. Sugar Tech., 1: 48–53.
Yadav RL, Singh V, Srivastava SN, Lal RJ, Awasthi SK, Joshi BB (2008). Use of Trichoderma harzianum for the control of red rot disease of sugarcane. Sugarcane International 26(4): 28–33.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lal, R.J., Sinha, O.K., Bhatnagar, S. et al. Biological control of sugarcane smut (Sporisorium scitamineum) through botanicals and Trichoderma viride . Sugar Tech 11, 381–386 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-009-0065-x
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-009-0065-x