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Effects of radial shock waves therapy on osteoblasts activities

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Abstract

Radial shock waves therapy (RSWT) differs from extracorporeal shock waves therapy (ESWT) in that it produces a non-focused wave that is dissipated radially at the skin. Few studies have yet explored the effects of RSWT on bone tissue. Osteoblasts in culture flasks were studied by polymerase chain reaction after treatment with RSW (500 impulses, 0.05 mJ/mm2). An inhibited osteoblastogenesis was observed, with a statistically significant reduction in type 1 collagen, osterix, bone sialoprotein and receptor activator NF kappa ligand expression at 24 and 48 h, of osteocalcin at 24, 48 and 72 h, and osteopontin at 48 and 72 h. These findings show that RSWT is not indicated for treatment of delayed fracture union, pseudoarthrosis, and complex regional pain syndrome. The observed reduction in the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand/osteoprotegerin ratio suggests that it has an inhibiting effect on osteoclastogenesis, which could make it a useful tool for applications in proliferative diseases.

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Abbreviations

RW:

Extracorporeal radial pressure waves

PCR:

Polymerase Chain Reaction

ESWT, SWT:

Extracorporeal shock wave therapy

OBs:

Osteoblasts

BMSCs:

Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Cbfa1/Runx2:

Core binding factor A1/Runt-related transcription factor 2

COLL I:

Collagen type I

OSTC:

Osteocalcin

OPN:

Osteopontin

BSPII:

Bone sialoprotein II

RANK:

Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB

RANKL:

RANK ligand

BMSCs:

Bone marrow stromal cells

OPG:

Osteoprotegerin

PBS:

Phosphate-buffered saline

α-MEM:

α-Minimal essential medium

FBS:

Fetal bovine serum

PTH:

Parathyroid hormone

EFD:

Energy Flux Density

TGF-ß1:

Transforming growth factor-beta 1

IL-10:

Interleukin 10

TNF-alpha:

Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

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Acknowledgments

Radial pressure wave device for this trial was supplied by Zimmer MedizinSysteme GmbH. No funding was received in relation to this paper. This Company has no influence on design, process, analysis, results, or interpretation of the study data. BM is the guarantor for this article and takes responsibility for the integrity of the work as a whole. The authors thank Ms. MV Pragnell, B.A., for the language revision.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neuroscience and Organs of Sense, Orthopedics Section, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, General Hospital, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy

    Angela Notarnicola, Lorenzo Moretti, Alessandra Fiore, Giovanni Vicenti & Biagio Moretti

  2. Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, General Hospital, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy

    Roberto Tamma & Alberta Zallone

Authors
  1. Angela Notarnicola
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  2. Roberto Tamma
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  3. Lorenzo Moretti
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  4. Alessandra Fiore
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  5. Giovanni Vicenti
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  6. Alberta Zallone
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  7. Biagio Moretti
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Angela Notarnicola.

Additional information

Angela Notarnicola and Roberto Tamma contributed equally to the work.

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Notarnicola, A., Tamma, R., Moretti, L. et al. Effects of radial shock waves therapy on osteoblasts activities. Musculoskelet Surg 96, 183–189 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12306-012-0213-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12306-012-0213-4

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