Abstract
Arylesterase activity of Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) enzyme may be play important role in initiation and progression of several diseases. Activity or serum level of Arylesterase can be affected by many genetic alterations such as SNPs. The reduction in the activity and serum level of Arylesterase could be involved in Type2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this investigation is to examine the association between Arylesterase activity and promoter polymorphism (− 108C > T) of PON1gene in patients with T2DM in Golestan Province, northern area of Iran. Achievement of this purpose was due to DNA obtaining from blood then SNP determination using PCR–RFLP and Arylesterase activity measurement in the serum of 90 normal individuals and 90patients suffering diabetes. Data was processed by SPSS software version 16. The significant association was observed between the Arylesterase activity and three genotypes of PON1 gene such as CC, CT, and TT in subjects with T2DM. In the present study, it has been shown level of Arylestrase activity of PON1 in patients (117.33 ± 63.96) is lower than it in control group (289.33 ± 68.38); P < 0.05. Our results declared that activity of Arylesterase in diabetic patients was significantly lower than the healthy individuals.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Xu H, Barnes GT, Yang Q, Tan G, Yang D, Chou CJ, et al. Chronic inflammation in fat plays a crucial role in the development of obesity-related insulin resistance. J Clin Invest. 2003;112(12):1821–30.
Andreassi MG. Metabolic syndrome, diabetes and atherosclerosis: influence of gene–environment interaction. Mutat Res/Fundam Mol Mech Mutagen. 2009;667(1–2):35–43.
Rani J, Mittal I, Pramanik A, Singh N, Dube N, Sharma S, et al. T2DiACoD: a gene atlas of type 2 diabetes mellitus associated complex disorders. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):1–21.
Kordonouri O, Danne TH, Hopfenmuller W. Lipid profiles and blood pressure: are they risk factors for the development of early background retinopathy and incipient nephropathy in children with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus? Acta Paediatr. 1996;85:43–8.
Furlong CE, Li WF, Brophy VH, Jarvik GP, Richter RJ, Shih DM, et al. The PON 1 gene and detoxication. Neurotoxicology. 2000;21:581–7.
Billecke S, Draganov D, Counsell R, Stetson P, Watson C, Hsu C, et al. Human serum paraoxonase (PON 1) isozymes Q and R hydrolyze lactones and cyclic carbonate esters. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000;28:1335–42.
Ferre N, Tous M, Paul A, Zamora A, Vendrell JJ, Bardaji A, et al. araoxonase Gln–Arg(192) and Leu-Met (55) gene polymorphisms and enzyme activity ina population with a low rate of coronary heart disease. Clin Biochem. 2002;35:197–203.
Ng CJ, Shih DM, Hama SY, Villa N, Navab M, Reddy ST. The paraoxonase gene family and atherosclerosis. Free Radic Biol Med. 2005;38:153–63.
Gowda V, Kusuma K, Vasudha K. Serum paraoxonase (Arylesterase) activity in Type 2Diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy. Med Sci. 2013;3:229–555X.
Khersonsky O, Roodveldt C, Tawfik DS. Enzyme promiscuity: evolutionary and mechanistic aspects. Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2006;10:498–508.
Qing-Yang H, Meng-Rong E, Sen-Lin J. Linkage and association studies of the susceptibility genes for type 2 diabetes. Actu Genet Sin. 2006;33:573–89.
Wang M, Lang X, Zou L, Huang S, Xu Z. Four genetic polymorphisms of paraoxonase gene and risk of coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis based on 88 case–control studies. Atherosclerosis. 2011;214(2):377–85.
Karabina SA, Lehner AN, Frank E, Parthasarathy S, Santanam N. Oxidative inactivation of paraoxonase—implications in diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2005;1725:213–21.
Mackness MI, Harty D, Bhatnagar D, Winocour PH, Arrol S, Ishola M. Serum paraoxonase activity in familial hypercholesterolaemia and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Atherosclerosis. 1991;86:193–9.
Abbott CA, Mackness MI, Kumar S, Boulton AJ, Durrington PN. Serum paraoxonase activity, concentration, and phenotype distribution in diabetes mellitus and it, s relationship to serum lipids and lipoproteins. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1995;15:1812–8.
Altuner D, Suzen SH, Ates I, Koc GV, Aral Y. Are PON1 Q/R 192 and M/L55 polymorphisms risk factors for diabetes complications in Turkish population? Clin Biochem. 2011;44:372–6.
Ergun MA, Yurtcu E, Demirci H, Ilhan MN, Barkar V. PON1 55 and 192 gene polymorphisms in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a Turkish population. Biochem Genet. 2011;49:1–8.
Gupta N, Binukumar B, Singh S, Sunkaria A, Kandimalla R, Bhansali A. Serum paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activities (PONase/AREase) and polymorphisms in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a North-West Indian population. Gene. 2011;487:88–95.
Shakeri R, Marjani A, Khajeniazi S. Association between promoter polymorphism (− 108C > T) of paraoxonase1 gene and it’s paraoxonase activity in patients with Type2 diabetes in northern Iran. Clin Chim Acta. 2017;474:34–7.
Furlnog CE, Richter RJ, Seidel SL, Motulsky AG. Role of genetic polymorphism of human plasma paraoxonasel arylesterase in hydrolysis of the insecticide metabolites chloropyrifos oxan and paraoxon. Am J Hum Genet. 1988;43:230–8.
Samadi A, Alvani SM, Ghazi-khosai M. Paraoxonase and arylesterase activity among hypercholesrerolemic patients. Med J Duma Theislamic Repub Iran. 2003;17(1):67–73.
Jureti D, Motejlkova A, Kunovi B, Reki B, Flegar Z. Paraoxonase/arylesterase in serum of patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Acta Pharm. 2006;56:59–68.
Tabur S, Torun A, Sabuncu T, Nuri Turan M, Celik H, Ocak A. Non-diabetic metabolic syndrome and obesity do not affect serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities but do affect oxidative stress and inflammation. Eur J Endocrinol. 2010;162:535–41.
Wegner M, Pioruńska Stolzmann M, Araszkiewicz M, Zozulińska Ziołkiewicz D, Wierusz Wysocka B. Evaluation of paraoxonase 1 arylesterase activity and lipid peroxide levels in patients with type 1 diabetes. Pol Arch Med Wewn. 2011;121:448–55.
Wilson Tang W, Hartiala J, Fan Y, Wu Y, Stewart A, Erdmann J, et al. Clinical and genetic association of serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities with cardiovascular risk. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2012;32:2803–12.
Małgorzata Ewa Bednarska-Makaruk M, Krzywkowski M, Graban A, Lipczyńska-Łojkowska W, Bochyńska A, Rodo M, et al. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene − 108C > T and p.Q192R polymorphisms and arylesterase activity of the enzyme in patients with dementia. Folia Neuropathol. 2013;51:111–9.
Hampe M, Mogarekar M. Paraoxonase1 activity, its Q192R polymorphism and diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Biomed Adv Res. 2014;5:35–40.
Eren E, Abuhandan M, Solmaz A, Taşkın A. Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase activity and oxidative stress status in children with metabolic syndrome. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2014;6:163–8.
Shakeri R, Marjani A, Khajeniazi S, Kaviani MR. Paraoxonase and arylesterase activities in serum of patients with alzheimer disease in Gorgan, North East of Iran. Transylv Rev. 2016;XXIV:2820–7.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to appreciate from Dr Mohammad Mojerloo, internal medicine, who help us in sampling process in this study. This project has been registered in Golestan University of Medical Sciences (Gorgan, Iran) under approval number of 940805194 and Ethical Code goums.rec.1394.76 and funded by the “Deputy of Research and Technology” of the university.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Khajeniazi, S., Shakeri, R. & Marjani, A. Evaluation of Relationship Between Arylesterase-Based Activity and Genetic Variants of Paraoxonase1 in T2DM Patients within Golestan Province. Ind J Clin Biochem 35, 239–244 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-019-00822-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-019-00822-3