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Maternal Leptin, Adiponectin, Resistin, Visfatin and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha in Normal and Gestational Diabetes

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Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common medical complication associated with pregnancy. The present study evaluates the changes in maternal adipocytokines (leptin, adiponectin, resistin, visfatin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha; TNF-α) in pregnancy complicated with GDM compared to normal pregnancy at 2nd and 3rd trimesters. The study included total number of 142 pregnant women classified into 4 groups: normal pregnancy (n = 33) and pregnancy with GDM (n = 24) both at 2nd trimester and normal pregnancy (n = 38) and GDM (n = 47) at 3rd trimester. Both GDM groups were significantly presented with elevated body mass index, fasting blood sugar and abnormal oral glucose tolerance test compared to their matched control. Results indicated reduction in maternal serum leptin and adiponectin in GDM compared to normal pregnancy at 3rd trimester. Elevated resistin and TNF-α were evident among pregnancy complicated with GDM at both tested trimesters. On the other hand, significant elevation in maternal visfatin was noted between GDM and matched control at 2nd trimester only. Significant increase in maternal leptin and visfatin and resistin was noted by advances in gestational period in healthy pregnancy. On the other hand, reduced adiponectin and elevated visfatin mean values were noticed in GDM at 3rd compared to 2nd trimester. It could be concluded that increased insulin resistance accompanies GDM is associated with suppressed leptin and adiponectin and increased resistin and TNF-α which might suggest their involvement in the development of GDM.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Deanship of Scientific Research, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, for the generous financial support of the Project No. 17-026/430. The authors also thank Prof. Hassan S Abduljabbar, Consultant and Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Abdul Aziz University Hospital and Dr. Nabeela Y. Qusti, Senior Specialist in Maternity and Children Hospital, Jeddah, for their assistance in diagnosing and collecting samples.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Amani F. H. Noureldeen, Safaa Y. Qusti, Madeha N. Al-seeni & Maram H. Bagais

  2. Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

    Amani F. H. Noureldeen

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  1. Amani F. H. Noureldeen
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  2. Safaa Y. Qusti
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Correspondence to Amani F. H. Noureldeen.

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Noureldeen, A.F.H., Qusti, S.Y., Al-seeni, M.N. et al. Maternal Leptin, Adiponectin, Resistin, Visfatin and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha in Normal and Gestational Diabetes. Ind J Clin Biochem 29, 462–470 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-013-0394-0

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