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Comparative politics in the context of multilevel analysis

Vergleichende Politikwissenschaft im Kontext der Mehrebenenanalyse

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Abstract

Political science has recently adopted the multilevel system phenomenon as a new type of political system, creating a new focal point within comparative politics. This article offers an analytical approach which is rooted in comparative politics and based on four perspectives: comparative federalism, the comparison of regional associations, i.e. “new regionalism”, the EU as a multilevel “sui generis” system, and the comparative analysis of Europeanization processes. We present a framework for the analysis of the “Open Method of Co-ordination” (OMC) in order to compare the effects of Europeanization in different member states and policy areas. We thus shift our focus away from attempting to analyze the polity of the EU based solely on common typologies, towards the dimension of politics. This together with the polity and policy dimensions provides ample opportunity for comparative analysis.

Zusammenfassung

Mit dem Phänomen der Mehrebenensysteme hielt ein neuer Typus politischer Systeme Einzug in die Begriffswelt der Politikwissenschaft und damit auch in den Fokus der Vergleichenden Politikwissenschaft. Dieser Artikel bietet einen Zugriff im Sinne einer comparative politics aus vier Sichtweisen: der vergleichenden Föderalismusforschung, dem Vergleich regionaler Zusammenschlüsse, der EU als Mehrebenensystem „sui generis“ und der vergleichenden Analyse der Europäisierungsprozesse. Am Beispiel der „Offenen Methode der Koordinierung“ (OMK) wird dazu ein eigenes Analyseraster entwickelt, um Europäisierungsphänomene in unterschiedlichen Mitgliedstaaten und Politikfeldern zu vergleichen. Damit lenken wir den Blick weg von den Versuchen, die polity der EU allein mit Hilfe der gängigen Typologien zu untersuchen hin auf die politics-Dimension, die zusammen mit der polity- und der policy-Dimension eine ganze Fülle von Vergleichsmöglichkeiten bietet.

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Notes

  1. In the social sciences the term “multilevel system” is used in a broader sense, particularly in formal model-building (Huinink 1989) and analysis method (Langer 2004).

  2. See Abromeit and Stoiber 2006, pp. 20–24 regarding the definition of a political system.

  3. This understanding of the term Europeanization, influenced by Ladrech (1994), Börzel (1999) and Radaelli (2000, 2004) among others can be considered to represent the mainstream.

  4. In Germany, a short-lived scientific discussion resulted from a speech given by the former Foreign Minster, Joschka Fischer, regarding the degree to which his future visions of a federation (which were equipped with safeguards against the development of an overly strong unitary state) could serve as a new system type and actual objective (Schneider 2000).

  5. In this way, the study of federalism distinguishes itself explicitly from the intergovernmental understanding of the EU as presented by e.g. Moravcsik (1997).

  6. What the EU is from the comparative perspective will be further discussed.

  7. An overview of the current theoretical and conceptual research status is offered by Vävrynen 2003.

  8. For this reason, collections of articles accumulate which string together analyses of individual unions or regions based on theoretical contributions; an explicit comparison remains to be included (e.g. Farell et al. 2005).

  9. For this, Benz (2004) chose the loose linkage of the European arenas.

  10. Research has since addressed the effects of Europeanization on the specific processes of governments and parliaments (Auel and Benz 2005).

  11. This is a typical problem of “comparative” research. The named collection offers a row of national case studies in which comparisons are made – if at all – in the closing chapters.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Politikwissenschaft, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Residenzschloss, 64283, Darmstadt, Deutschland

    Michèle Knodt (Professorin für Vergleichende Analyse politischer Systeme und Integrationsforschung)

  2. Institut für Politikwissenschaft, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Residenzschloss, 64283, Darmstadt, Deutschland

    Michael Stoiber (Vertretungsprofessur Vergleich politischer Systeme)

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  2. Michael Stoiber
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Correspondence to Michèle Knodt.

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Knodt, M., Stoiber, M. Comparative politics in the context of multilevel analysis. Z Vgl Polit Wiss 4 (Suppl 1), 79–102 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12286-009-0068-8

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