Abstract
Accurate location of small breast lesions is mandatory for proper surgical management. The purpose of this article is systematically review procedures used to locate non-palpable breast lesions, including a description of the current status, advantages, and disadvantages for each technique. A total of 47 articles were finally included: 7 articles for the wire location technique, 5 articles for the radioguided location technique, 13 articles that compare wire location with radioguided location, 3 articles for the carbon location technique, 2 articles that compare wire location with carbon location, and 17 articles for the clip location technique. The success of location and the clear margin are reported for each location technique and for the separate articles included; clip migration shift, also, is reported for the clip location technique. Odds ratio with related 95 % confidence intervals were also calculated for successful location. Comparative analysis or meta-analysis for all the different breast lesion location techniques is missing. Prospective investigations and randomized investigations for homogeneous populations are still needed to determine which is the most cost-effective modality among those used to date.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- CI:
-
Confidence interval
- CL:
-
Carbon location
- MRI:
-
Magnetic resonance imaging
- ROLL:
-
Radioguided occult location
- WL:
-
Wire location
References
Ernst MF, Avenarius JKA, Schuur KH, et al. Wire localization of non-palpable breast lesions: out of date? Breast. 2002;11:408–13.
Chu TYC, Lui CY, Hung WK, et al. Localisation of occult breast lesion: a comparative analysis of hookwire and radioguided procedures. Hong Kong Med J. 2010;16:367–72.
van Riet YEA, Jansen FH, van Beek M, et al. Localization of non-palpable breast cancer using a radiolabelled titanium seed. Br J Surg. 2010;97:1240–5.
Liberman L, Kaplan J, Van Zee KJ, et al. Bracketing wires for preoperative breast needle localization. AJR. 2001;177:565–72.
Guenin MA. Clip placement during sonographically guided large-core breast biopsy for mammographic-sonographic correlation. AJR. 2000;175:1053–5.
Malvica RP. Sonographic location of the elusive breast lesion: a technical aid to stereotaxic large-needle core biopsy. AJR. 1996;167:183–4.
Oh JL, Nguyen G, Whitman GJ, et al. Placement of radiopaque clips for tumor localization in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy and breast conservation therapy. Cancer. 2007;110:2420–7.
Edeiken BS, Fornage BD, Bedi DG, et al. US-guided implantation of metallic markers for permanent localization of the tumor bed in patients with breast cancer who undergo preoperative chemotherapy. Radiology. 1999;213:895–900.
Kruger BM, Burrowes P, MacGregor JH. Accuracy of marker clip placement after mammotome breast biopsy. Can Assoc Radiol J. 2002;53:137–40.
Jakub JW, Gray RJ, Degnim AC, et al. Current status of radioactive seed for localization of non palpable breast lesions. Am J Surg. 2010;199:522–8.
Van der ploeg I, Hobbelink M, Vandenbosch M, et al. Radioguided occult lesion localisation (ROLL) for non-palpable breast lesions: a review of the relevant literature. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2008;34:1–5.
Lovrics PJ, Cornacchi SD, Vora R, et al. Systematic review of radioguided surgery for non-palpable breast cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2011;37:388–97.
Genson CC, Blane CE, Helvie MA, et al. Effects on breast MRI of artifacts caused by metallic tissue marker clips. AJR. 2007;188:372–6.
Solin LJ, Yeh I, Kurtz J, et al. Ductal carcinoma in situ (intraductal carcinoma) of the breast treated with breast-conserving surgery and definitive irradiation correlation of pathologic parameters with outcome of treatment. Cancer. 1993;71:2532–42.
Parker SH, Lovin JD, Jobe WE, et al. Stereotactic breast biopsy with a biopsy gun. Radiology. 1990;176:741–7.
Weber WN, Sickles EA, Callen PW, et al. Nonpalpable breast lesion localization: limited efficacy of sonography. Radiology. 1985;155:783–4.
Caruso M, Gabrieli G, Marzullo G, et al. Core biopsy as alternative to fine-needle aspiration biopsy in diagnosis of breast tumors. Oncologist. 1998;3:45–9.
Roux S, Logan-Young W. Private practice interdisciplinary breast centers: their rationale and impact on patients, physicians, and the health care industry: a bicoastal perspective. Surg Oncol Clin North Am. 2000;9:177–98.
Ross RJ, Thompson JS, Kim K, et al. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and evaluation of human breast tissue: preliminary clinical trials. Radiology. 1982;143:195–205.
Orel SG, Schnall MD. MR imaging of the breast for the detection, diagnosis, and staging of breast cancer. Radiology. 2001;220:13–30.
Philpotts LE, Lee CH. Clip migration after 11-gauge vacuum-assisted stereotactic biopsy: case report. Radiology. 2002;222:794–6.
Rosen EL, Vo TT. Metallic clip deployment during stereotactic breast biopsy: retrospective analysis. Radiology. 2001;218:510–6.
Perlet C, Sittek H, Reiser M, et al. Clip marker placement following MR-guided vacuum biopsy of the breast. Radiologe. 2005;45:230–6.
Kubota K, Gomi N, Wakita T, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of the metal clip in a breast: safety and its availability as a negative marker. Breast Cancer. 2004;11:55–9.
Gossmann A, Bangard C, Warm M, et al. Real-time MR-guided wire localization of breast lesions by using an open 1.0-T imager: initial experience. Radiology. 2008;247:535–42.
Wolf G, Helbich T. Results of stereotactic guidance of breast excisional biopsy versus stereotactic core biopsy in occult breast lesions. Wien Med Wochenschr. 1998;148:316–20.
Montrey J, Levy J, Brenner R. Wire fragments after needle localization. AJR. 1996;167:1267–9.
Bronstein AD, Kilcoyne RF, Moe RE. Complications of needle localization of foreign bodies and nonpalpable breast lesions. Arch Surg. 1988;123:775–9.
Intra M, Cicco C, Gentilini O, et al. Radioguided localisation (ROLL) of non-palpable breast lesions and simultaneous sentinel lymph node biopsy (SNOLL): the experience of the European Institute of Oncology. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2007;34:957–8.
Rose A, Collins JP, Neerhut P, et al. Carbon localisation of impalpable breast lesions. Breast. 2003;12:264–9.
Baron LF, Baron PL, Ackerman SJ, et al. Sonographically guided clip placement facilitates localization of breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. AJR. 2000;174:539–40.
Dash N, Chafin SH, Johnson RR, et al. Usefulness of tissue marker clips in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. AJR. 1999;173:911–7.
Mariscal Martinez A, Sola M, de Tudela AP, et al. Radioguided localization of nonpalpable breast cancer lesions: randomized comparison with wire localization in patients undergoing conservative surgery and sentinel node biopsy. AJR. 2009;193:1001–9.
Luini A, Zurrida S, Paganelli G, et al. Comparison of radioguided excision with wire localization of occult breast lesions. Br J Surg. 1999;86:522–5.
Medina-Franco H, Abarca-Prez L, Garca-Alvarez MN, et al. Radioguided occult lesion localization (ROLL) versus wire-guided lumpectomy for non-palpable breast lesions: a randomized prospective evaluation. J Surg Oncol. 2008;97:108–11.
Aydogan F, Ozben V, Celik V, et al. Radio-guided occult lesion localization (ROLL) for non-palpable breast cancer: a comparison between day-before and same-day protocols. Breast. 2010;19:226–30.
Nadeem R, Chagla LS, Harris O, et al. Occult breast lesions: a comparison between radioguided occult lesion localisation (ROLL) vs. wire-guided lumpectomy (WGL). Breast. 2005;14:283–9.
Rao R, Moldrem A, Sarode V, et al. Experience with seed localization for nonpalpable breast lesions in a public health care system. Ann Surg Oncol. 2010;17:3241–6.
Svane G. A stereotaxic technique for preoperative marking of non-palpable breast lesions. Acta Radiol. 1983;24:145–51.
Canavese G, Catturich A, Vecchio C, et al. Pre-operative localization of non-palpable lesions in breast cancer by charcoal suspension. Eur J Surg Oncol. 1995;21:47–9.
Mazy S, Galant C, Berlire M, et al. Localization of non-palpable breast lesions with black carbon powder (experience of the Catholic University of Louvain). J Radiol. 2001;82:161–4.
Parikh JR. Delayed migration of gel mark ultra clip within 15 days of 11-gauge vacuum-assisted stereotactic breast biopsy. AJR. 2005;185:203–6.
Rosen EL, Baker JA, Soo MS. Accuracy of a collagen-plug biopsy site marking device deployed after stereotactic core needle breast biopsy. AJR. 2003;181:1295–9.
Kass R, Kumar G, Klimberg VS, et al. Clip migration in stereotactic biopsy. Am J Surg. 2002;184:325–31.
Uematsu T, Kasami M, Takahashi K, et al. Clip placement after an 11-gauge vacuum-assisted stereotactic breast biopsy: correlation between breast thickness and clip movement. Breast Cancer. 2011 (Epub ahead of print).
Burbank F, Forcier N. Tissue marking clip for stereotactic breast biopsy: initial placement accuracy, long-term stability, and usefulness as a guide for wire localization. Radiology. 1997;205:407–15.
Esserman LE, Cura MA, DaCosta D. Recognizing pitfalls in early and late migration of clip markers after imaging-guided directional vacuum-assisted biopsy. RadioGraphics. 2004;24:147–56.
Harris AT. Clip migration within 8 days of 11-gauge vacuum-assisted stereotactic breast biopsy: case report. Radiology. 2003;228:552–4.
Cho KR, Seo BK, Lee J, et al. A comparative study of palpable and nonpalpable breast cancers determined by ultrasonography. J Breast Cancer. 2008;11:64–70.
Berg WA, Gutierrez L, Nessaiver MS, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of mammography, clinical examination, US, and MR imaging in preoperative assessment of breast cancer. Radiology. 2004;233:830–49.
Londero V, Zuiani C, Furlan A, et al. Role of ultrasound and sonographically guided core biopsy in the diagnostic evaluation of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast. Radiol Med. 2007;112:863–76.
Bassett L, Liu T, Giuliano A, et al. The prevalence of carcinoma in palpable vs impalpable, mammographically detected lesions. AJR. 1991;157:21–4.
Barros ACSD, Barros MAC, Andrade FE, et al. Combined radioguided nonpalpable lesion localization and sentinel lymph node biopsy for early breast carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2007;14:1472–7.
Chen B, Liu C, Jin F, et al. The role of fine-wire localization breast biopsy in the management of BI-RADS category 3–5 non-palpable breast lesions in northeastern Chinese women. Health. 2010;2:291–4.
Chen X, Lehman CD, Dee KE. MRI-guided breast biopsy: clinical experience with 14-gauge stainless steel core biopsy needle. AJR. 2004;182:1075–80.
Gisvold JJ, Martin JK. Prebiopsy localization of nonpalpable breast lesions. AJR. 1984;143:477–81.
Landheer ML, Veltman J, van Eekeren R, et al. MRI-guided preoperative wire localization of nonpalpable breast lesions. Clin Imaging. 2006;30:229–33.
Ng CH, Lee KT, Taib NA, et al. Experience with hookwire localisation excision biopsy at a medical centre in Malaysia. Singapore Med J. 2010;51:306–10.
Lehman CD, Shook JE. Position of clip placement after vacuum-assisted breast biopsy: is a unilateral two-view postbiopsy mammogram necessary? Breast J. 2003;9:272–6.
Liberman L, Bracero N, Morris E, et al. MRI-guided 9-gauge vacuum-assisted breast biopsy: initial clinical experience. AJR. 2005;185:183–93.
Phillips SW, Gabriel H, Comstock CE, et al. Sonographically guided metallic clip placement after core needle biopsy of the breast. AJR. 2000;175:1353–5.
Chadwick DR, Shorthouse AJ. Wire-directed localization biopsy of the breast: an audit of results and analysis of factors influencing therapeutic value in the treatment of breast cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol. 1997;23:128–33.
Allen MJ, Thompson WD, Stuart RC, et al. Management of non-palpable breast lesions detected mammographically. Br J Surg. 1994;81:543–5.
Gray RJ, Pockaj BA, Karstaedt PJ, et al. Radioactive seed localization of nonpalpable breast lesions is better than wire localization. Am J Surg. 2004;188:377–80.
Moss HA, Barter SJ, Nayagam M, et al. The use of carbon suspension as an adjunct to wire localisation of impalpable breast lesions. Clin Radiol. 2002;57:937–44.
Arman A, Kilicoglu G, Guner HH, et al. Marking of nonpalpable breast lesions using a custom carbon suspension. Acta Radiol. 2001;42:599–601.
Chen X, Lehman CD, Dee KE. MRI-guided breast biopsy: clinical experience with 14-gauge stainless steel core biopsy needle. AJR. 2004;182:1075–80.
Thind C, Desmond S, Harris O, et al. Radio-guided localization of clinically occult breast lesions (ROLL): a DGH experience. Clin Radiol. 2005;60:681–6.
Ronka R, Krogerus L, Leppnen E, et al. Radio-guided occult lesion localization in patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery and sentinel node biopsy. Am J Surg. 2004;187:491–6.
Zgajnar J, Hocevar M, Frkovic-Grazio S, et al. Radioguided occult lesion localization (ROLL) of the nonpalpable breast lesions. Neoplasma. 2004;51:385–9.
Gray RJ, Salud C, Nguyen K, et al. Randomized prospective evaluation of a novel technique for biopsy or lumpectomy of nonpalpable breast lesions: radioactive seed versus wire localization. Ann Surg Oncol. 2001;8:711–5.
Riedl CC, Pfarl G, Helbich TH, et al. Comparison of wire versus carbon localization of non-palpable breast lesions. RöFo. 2002;174:1126–31.
Moreno M, Wiltgen JE, Bodanese B, et al. Radioguided breast surgery for occult lesion localization—correlation between two methods. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2008;27:29.
Rampaul RS, Bagnall M, Burrell H, et al. Randomized clinical trial comparing radioisotope occult lesion localization and wire-guided excision for biopsy of occult breast lesions. Br J Surg. 2004;91:1575–7.
Hughes JH, Mason MC, Gray RJ, et al. A multi-site validation trial of radioactive seed localization as an alternative to wire localization. Breast J. 2008;14:153–7.
Belloni E, Canevari C, Panizza P, et al. Nonpalpable breast lesions: preoperative radiological guidance in radioguided occult lesion localisation (ROLL). Radiol med. 2011;116(4):564–74.
Smathers RL. Marking the cavity site after stereotactic core needle breast biopsy. AJR. 2003;180:355–6.
Parker SH, Kaske TI, Gerharter JE, Dennis MA, Chavez JL. Placement accuracy and ultrasonographic visualization of a new percutaneous breast biopsy marker. Radiology. 2001;221(P):431.
Esserman LE, Costa D, Kusnick CA, Lowers K. Placement of a new ultrasound (US) visible breast biopsy marker in US-guided 11 gauge directional vacuum assisted biopsy (DVAB) (abstr). Radiology. 2002;25(P):459.
Margolin FR, Kaufman L, Denny SR, et al. Metallic marker placement after stereotactic core biopsy of breast calcifications: comparison of two clips and deployment techniques. AJR. 2003;181:1685–90.
Liberman L, Hann LE, Dershaw DD, et al. Mammographic findings after stereotactic 14-gauge vacuum biopsy. Radiology. 1997;203:343–7.
Coles CE, Wilson CB, Cumming J, et al. Titanium clip placement to allow accurate tumour bed localisation following breast conserving surgery: audit on behalf of the IMPORT Trial Management Group. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2009;35:578–82.
Feggi L, Basaglia E, Corcione S, et al. An original approach in the diagnosis of early breast cancer: use of the same radiopharmaceutical for both non-palpable lesions and sentinel node localisation. Eur J Nucl Med. 2001;28(11):1589–96.
Cornfield J. A method for estimating comparative rates from clinical data. Applications to cancer of the lung, breast, and cervix. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1951;11:1269–75.
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to Alessandra Trocino, librarian at the National Cancer Institute “G. Pascale” of Naples, Italy, for bibliographic assistance.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no competing interests. The authors have no conflict of interest to be disclosed.
Author contribution
RF works on literature search, statistical analysis and drafting of the manuscript in collaboration with AP. OC,VG and SF participated in the drafting the manuscript. MS participated in the design of the study and performed the statistical analysis. MD, QP and MDA conceived of the study, and participated in its design and coordination and helped to draft the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
R. Fusco and A. Petrillo contributed equally to this work.
About this article
Cite this article
Fusco, R., Petrillo, A., Catalano, O. et al. Procedures for location of non-palpable breast lesions: a systematic review for the radiologist. Breast Cancer 21, 522–531 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12282-012-0427-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12282-012-0427-1