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Clinical Aspects of Immune Damage in Cryptococcosis

  • Fungal Genomics and Pathogenesis (S Shoham, Section Editor)
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

To perform an extensive review of recent literature and provide an update on the current epidemiology, clinical features, and management of cryptococcal disease with a focus on the differences between patients depending on their immune status.

Recent Findings

Emerging literature has highlighted the inflammatory pathophysiology and varied manifestations of cryptococcal infections in patients who are apparently healthy but paradoxically have a more critical clinical course compared with their immunosuppressed counterparts.

Summary

Non-HIV cryptococcal meningitis has greater mortality compared with that seen in HIV patients. Basic science experiments closely analyzing the underlying pathophysiological response to this infection have demonstrated the predominant role of T cell–mediated inflammatory injury in causing worse clinical outcomes. Further studies are needed to define the need for immunosuppressive agents in the treatment of this illness.

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Funding

This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, grant funding numbers AI001123 and AI00112.

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  1. Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA

    Seher Anjum & Peter R. Williamson

  2. Bethesda, USA

    Peter R. Williamson

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Correspondence to Peter R. Williamson.

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Anjum, S., Williamson, P.R. Clinical Aspects of Immune Damage in Cryptococcosis. Curr Fungal Infect Rep 13, 99–108 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-019-00345-7

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