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The Epidemiology of Mould Infections in Argentina: Review and Experience

  • Epidemiological Aspects of Fungal Infections (T Chiller and J Baddley, Section Editors)
  • Published:
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Abstract

During the last decades, there has been an increasing proportion of patients susceptible to invasive fungal disease (IFD). The epidemiology of IFD varies mainly due to geography, antifungal exposure, and nosocomial reservoirs. We reviewed the Argentinean epidemiology of invasive mold disease (IMD) by analyzing laboratory and clinical data. Invasive mold disease was the second most prevalent IFD following the yeasts, with a prevalence that ranged from 0.98 to 1.31/100,000 population. The majority (60–85 %) of IMD was caused by hyalohyphomycetes followed by Mucorales (6–21 %) and phaeohyphomycetes (7–13 %). The most prevalent genera were Aspergillus (40–67 % of IMD) followed by Fusarium (10–14 %). The most prevalent species were A. fumigatus (38–50 %) followed by A. flavus (27–43 %). In immunocompromised patients in Argentina the most prevalent agents of IMD are Aspergillus, followed by Fusarium and Mucorales, while the most prevalent Aspergillus species are A. fumigatus followed by A. flavus.

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Disclosure

M. C. Dignani: grant from Pfizer, consultancy from Gador/Gilead Argentina, Novartis Argentina, lectured for Novartis Argentina, Gador Argentina; G. Davel: none; N. Refojo: none; M. Mazza: none; S. Córdoba: none; A. I. Hevia: none; R. A. Abrantes: none; G. Isla: none; J. Fernandez: none; M. C. Rivas: none; A. Valledor: none; A. Laborde: none; M. L. Pereyra: none; R. I. Roccia: none

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Registro Micosis Invasoras (REMIIN), Yerbal 315, App 2B., C1405CDG, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina

    María Cecilia Dignani

  2. Departamento Micología, INEI (Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas) “Dr. C. G. Malbrán” ANLIS (Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Instituto de Salud), Av. Vélez Sarsfield 563, C1282AFF, CABA, Argentina

    Graciela Davel, Nicolás Refojo, Mariana Mazza, Susana Córdoba, Alejandra Inés Hevia, Rubén Antonio Abrantes, Guillermina Isla, Julián Fernández & María Cristina Rivas

  3. Hospital Italiano, Juan D. Perón 4190, C1181ACH, CABA, Argentina

    Alejandra Valledor

  4. Fundaleu (Fundación de Lucha contra la Leucemia), Uriburu 1450, C1114AAN, CABA, Argentina

    Ana Laborde

  5. Hospital Universitario Austral, Av. Pte. Perón 1500, B1629ODT, Pilar, Bs. As., Argentina

    María Laura Pereyra

  6. Hospital Gral. San Martín, Av. 1, 1791, B1904CFH, La Plata, Bs. As., Argentina

    Inés Roccia Rossi

Authors
  1. María Cecilia Dignani
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  2. Graciela Davel
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  3. Nicolás Refojo
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  4. Mariana Mazza
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  11. Alejandra Valledor
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  14. Inés Roccia Rossi
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Consortia

The National Lab Network (Red Nacional de Laboratorios)*

The National Quality Control Program of Mycology Labs (Programa Nacional de Control de Calidad en Micología) Group*

the REMIIN Group (Registro de Micosis Invasoras)**

Corresponding author

Correspondence to María Cecilia Dignani.

Additional information

*Red Nacional de Laboratorios de Micología (RNLM). See Appendix A for a complete list of members

**REMIIN Group. See Appendix B for a complete list of members

Appendices

Appendix A

Participants of the Red Nacional de Laboratorios de Micología (RNLM) (National Network for Mycology Laboratories) alphabetically by location.

Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires : S. Relloso, CEMIC; S. P. Cataldi, Hospital "C.G. Durand"; M. C. Perrone, A. M. Romeo, Hospital "J. M. Penna"; M. E. López; Hospital "J. M. Ramos Mejía"; J. A. Rébori, Hospital "J. T. Borda"; M. J. Gallego, Hospital "M. Ferrer"; R. Pereda, Hospital "P. Elizalde"; M. Schijman, Hospital "T. Alvarez"; I. Maldonado, Hospital Alemán; A. Arechavala, M. Bianchi, Hospital de Infecciosas “Dr. F. Muñiz”; A. Martínez Burkett, Hospital de Niños "Dr. R. Gutiérrez"; G. Snitman, Hospital de Quemados; L. Guelfand, Hospital Fernández; L. López Moral, Hospital General de Agudos "Dr. Cosme Argerich"; I. N. Tiraboschi, Hospital Nacional de Clínicas "José de San Martín"; P. Minervini, Hospital Oftalmológico "Santa Lucía"; M. C. Morales, Hospital Piñero; C. Garbasz Hospital Pirovano; C. Alfonso, Hospital Santojanni; C. Madeo, Hospital Tornú; A. Fernández, D. Pirola, M. Tokumoto, Hospital Universitario Fundación Favaloro; A. S. Lanzillotta, Hospital. Materno Infantil "Ramón Sardá"; A. Sorge, Instituto "Angel Roffo". Provincia de Buenos Aires: M. A. García Allende, Centro de Estudios Bioquímicos; L. Bardi, Clínica Modelo de Morón Instituto Médico S.A.; N. B. Casanova, CRAI-Norte CUCAIBA; M. Moretti, H.I.G.A. Evita Pueblo; S. Mestroni, H.I.G.A. General San Martín; J. Verona, Hospital de Balcarce; N. Zalazar, Hospital de trauma y Emergencia "Dr. Francisco Abete"; P. L. Featherston, Hospital "San Juan de Dios"; G.M. Santiso, Hospital "Evita"; G. Turcato, Hospital "Sor María Ludovica"; S. Traverso, Hospital "Dr. Luis Güemes"; A. Tuduri, Hospital "Eva Perón"; S. Sallaber, K. Ardizolli, Hospital "Prof. Dr. Rodolfo Rossi"; R. E. Sarandón, Hospital "A. Diego"; M. E. Jofre, Hospital Miguel Capredoni; M. Sparo, Hospital "Ramón Santamarina"; A. R. Albera, Hospital "Dr. Diego Thompson"; L. F. Giampaoli, Hospital Municipal "Dr. Emilio Ferreyra"; L. Psenda; Hospital "Dr. Héctor Cura"; M. de Magistris, Hospital "León Dios"; M. A. Schiaffino, Hospital de Azul " Dr. Angel Pintos"; P. Capece, Hospital "Dr. Alejandro Posadas"; R. J. Franco, Hospital “Baldomero Sommer”; G. B. Posse, Hospital "Héroes de Malvinas"; R. Pereyra, Hospital "Madre Teresa de Calcuta"; M. Machain, Hospital de Junín "A. Piñeyro"; C. N. Fernández, Hospital "Dr. A. Cetrángolo; J. O. Herrera, Hospital "Dr. Isidoro Iriarte"; G. Vallespi, Hospital "Dra.Cecilia Grierson"; A. L. Mariñansky, Hospital "Dr. Arturo Oñativia"; L. S. Mónaco, Hospital "Dr. Diego Paroissien"; Hebe Gullo, Hospital "Vicente López y Planes"; S. Pérez, IACA Laboratórios; L. Zamagna, Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública de Bs.As.; M. E. Tacchella, Laboratorio Especializado en Microbiología, C. D' Angelo, E. Pasquetti, Unidad Sanitaria "San Roque". Provincia de Catamarca: M. B. Rubio, P. Valdez, Hospital "Eva Perón"; V. del V. David, Hospital "San Juan Bautista". Provincia de Chaco : M. Gunia, Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública de Chaco; M. F. Tracogna, Hospital Perrando; G. Giusiano, Instituto de Medicina Regional; N. E. Cech, Hospital "4 de Junio"; M. G. Siri Cabrera, A.M. Zaloff Dakoff,Hospital “Avelino Lorenzo Castelán”, A. C. Lorenzo, Hospital “General Güemes”. Provincia de Chubut : M, Ricciardi, Hospital "A. Isola"; M. Bernaldo, M. Letunic, Hospital "Dr. Sanguinetti"; D. Berry, Hospital "Dr. Margara". Provincia de Córdoba : C. Aimaretto, Hospital “Pasteur”; M. G. Jiménez, Hospital Universitario de Maternidad y Neonatología; L. B. Fraenza, M. C. Albrecht, G. M. Carballo, Hospital Nacional de Clínicas; S. Carrizo, A.Littvik, Hospital “Rawson”; M. E. Rustan, Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; N. L. Borletto, División Laboratorio Central de la Prov. de Córdoba; G. M. Carballo, Hospital Nacional de Clínicas. Provincia de Corrientes : E. M. González, Hospital de Goya "Dr. Camilo Maniagurria", M. A. Sosa, Laboratorio Central de Corrientes, S. M. Ferrero, Hospital Escuela "José F. de San Martín", A. M. Pato, Hospital Angela I. Llano. Provincia de Entre Ríos : R. G. Carballo, Hospital "Justo José de Urquiza", N. C. Petrussi, Hospital "San Martín", C. Schaab de Canteros, Sanatorio Adventista del Plata, N. Yoya, Hospital Delicia Masvernat. Provincia de Formosa : A. G. de Tichellio, Hospital Central de Formosa. P. Formosa, Hospital Pte. Juan D. Perón. Provincia de Jujuy : L. E. González, Hospital “Oscar Orias”; V. H. Díaz, Hospital San Roque; S. R. Grosso, C. Miranda, Hospital “Pablo Soria”, M. R. Mernes de Pizarro, Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública; S. V. Mendieta, Sanatorio Quintar. Provincia de La Pampa : L. M. Casabona, Hospital "Dr. Lucio Molas"; A. B. Baroni, A. Pereyra, Hospital Gobernador Centeno. Provincia de La Rioja : A. Romanazzi, Hospital "Dr. Enrique Vera Barros". Provincia de Mendoza : H. Pagella, Hospital “Dr. J. Lencinas”; R. Tonelli, Hospital Central; M. Urrea, Hospital "Diego Paroissien"; A. Zanuso, Hospital "Teodoro Schestakow"; L. B. Rosaenz, Hospital "Dr. Humberto Notti"; A. Ampuero, Hospital "Luis Lagomaggiore". Provincia de Misiones : M. Von Specht, Hospital Provincial de Pediatría; M. Medvedeff, Hospital “Dr. Ramón Madariaga” y Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; E. Gerlach, Hospital SAMIC Oberá; M. I. Doubnia Hospital SAMIC Eldorado. Provincia de Neuquén : M. L. Bolajuzón, Htal. Zonal de Chos Malal “Dr. Gregorio Alvarez”; N. Rihl, Hospital "Natalio Burd"; N. G. Schmidt, M. M. Schinchirimini, S. Brasili, Hospital "Dr. Castro Rendón"; M. Juárez, L. M. Echenique, Hospital “Plottier”; A. L. Pino Jimenez, Hospital "Aldo V. Maulú"; C. E. Codorniú, A. M. Torres, Hospital Regional Zapala; G. González, Hospital "Dr. Horacio Heller"; A. Zurschmitten Hospital Junín de los Andes. Provincia de Río Negro : C. Kissner, Hospital "Dr. Héctor A. Monteoliva"; N. Castro, M. C. Carranza, Hospital "Dr. Pedro Moguillansky"; M. G. Rivollier, G. Stafforini, Hospital "Artémides Zatti"; S. De Bunder, Hospital Zonal Bariloche "Dr. Ramón Carrillo"; G. C. Suppo, Hospital El Bolsón; D. A. Durany; Hospital Zonal "F. L. Lima"; R. E. Chavaría, Laboratorio Clínica Radiológica del Sur S.A. Provincia de Salta : Y. A. Chacón, Programa Bioquímico-Hospital “Señor del Milagro”; N. Fernández, Hospital “San Bernardo”; M. L. Cacace, Hospital "San Vicente de Paul". Provincia de San Juan : R. Navarro, M. López, Hospital "Dr. Guillermo Rawson"; H. Castro, V. Carrió, Hospital "Marcial Quiroga". Provincia de San Luis : B. Chierichetti, Policlínico Regional “J. D. Perón”; C. O. Sánchez, Hospital de Concarán; J. Martínez, Hospital "Dr. E. Borzani"; R. Hasuoka, R. Lopresti, Complejo Sanitario San Luis. Provincia de Santa Cruz : A. V. Vargas, Hospital Regional Río Gallegos; J. Villegas, Hospital Distrital Caleta Olivia; M. L. Cicconetti, LABSUR S.A. Provincia de Santa Fe: C. Gómez, S. Amigot, Centro de Especialidades Médico Ambulatorias (CEMAR); C. Ferrero, Consultorios Clínica Mayo; A. Luque, C. E. López, Hospital Centenario, Facultad Bioquímica – UNR; M. F. Argaraña, Hospital “J. B. Iturraspe”; M. Rico, Hospital “G. Sayago”; M. E Nardin, E. Mendez, Hospital "José M. Cullen"; O. Sellarés, Hospital Central Reconquista; R. Ramírez, Hospital “Mira y López”; S. M. Virgolini de Ronchi, Hospital de Niños "Dr. Alassia"; M. Dalman, L. Colombo, Policlínico Escuela “Eva Perón” ; A. Luque, CEREMIC. Provincia de Santiago del Estero : J. A. Serrano, Hospital Independencia. Provincia de Tierra del Fuego : N. Zalazar, A. Guerra; Hospital Regional Río Grande. Provincia de Tucumán : R. Runco, Hospital “del Niño Jesús”; J. L. Gorostiaga, Hospital "Ángel C. Padilla".

Appendix B

Participants of the Registro Micosis Invasoras (REMIIN) (Registry Invasive Mycosis) alphabetically by location.

Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires: CEMIC: P. Bonvehí, F. Herrera, S. Relloso, E. Temporiti; Centro Diagnóstico Rossi: S. Rossi, J. López Mora, E. Otero; Fundaleu: M.C. García Damiano, M. Narbaitz; Htal. Alemán: C. Freuler, I. Maldonado; Htal. Británico: I. Agorio, E. Efron, R. Jordán, S. Verbanaz; Htal. de Clínicas: M. Sierra, N. Tiraboschi; Htal. Garrahan: P. Santos, C. Sarkis; Htal. Italiano: L. Barcán, M. de Paz, G. Greco; Htal. Marie Curie: M.L. Chavez, A. Nenna; Htal. Ramos Mejía: J. Afeltra, M. Lluesma Goalons, R. Vitale, V. Ybarra; Htal. Roffo: P. Costantini, A. Sorge; INEI-ANLIS: W. Vivot, W. Szus; San. Anchorena: J. Altclas, P. Desmery. N. Giudice, C. Salgueira; San. Otamendi: L. Edat, P. Lapadula, D. Pryluka, F. Rotryng. Provincia de Buenos Aires: Clínica Olivos, Olivos: M. Christín, L. Guzzi, T. Méndez, J. Molinos; Htal. Austral, Pilar: G. Pineda, R. Quirós, M. Tisi Bañas; Htal. del Cruce, Florencio Varela: S. Lambert, L.M. Pestana, L. Tula; Htal. Rossi, La Plata: A. Calmaggi, G. Guerrini, K. Ardizzoli; Htal. San Martín, La Plata: K. Aguilera, S. Mestroni, A. Ottino. Provincia de Córdoba: Htal. Privado de Córdoba: C. Abiega, V. Carballo, P. Sánchez, A. Zarate. Provincia de Corrientes: Htal. Pediátrico Juan Pablo II, Corrientes: G. Giussiano, C. Vratnica,; Instituto de Cardiología, Corrientes: G. Giussiano, S. Maurich; Provincia de Mendoza: Htal. Italiano, Mendoza: A. Cassata, H. Pagella, A. Vila. Provincia Santa Fé: S. Amigot, L. Girardi, S. Lopez Papucci, A. Rosso; San. Británico, Rosario: L.P. Flyn, H. Peretti, A. Ponessa. United States : CDC, Atlanta, GA: A. Ahlquist, A. Balajee, M. Brandt,T. Chiller; Univ. Louisville, Louisville, KY: G. Cohen, P. Peyrani.

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Dignani, M.C., Davel, G., Refojo, N. et al. The Epidemiology of Mould Infections in Argentina: Review and Experience. Curr Fungal Infect Rep 6, 336–345 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-012-0115-9

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