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Wearables in Cardiovascular Disease

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Abstract

Wearable devices stand to revolutionize the way healthcare is delivered. From consumer devices that provide general health information and screen for medical conditions to medical-grade devices that allow collection of larger datasets that include multiple modalities, wearables have a myriad of potential uses, especially in cardiovascular disorders. In this review, we summarize the underlying technologies employed in these devices and discuss the regulatory and economic aspects of such devices as well as the future implications of their use.

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Abbreviations

AFib:

Atrial fibrillation

BCG:

Ballistocardiography

BI:

Bioimpedance

BP:

Blood pressure

ECG:

Electrocardiography

HR:

Heart rate

HRV:

Heart rate variability

LED:

Light emitting diode

NIR:

Near-infrared

NSR:

Normal sinus rhythm

PPG:

Photoplethysmography

SCG:

Seismocardiography

SpO2:

Peripheral arterial oxygen saturation

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clinical and Translational Research Accelerator, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06517, USA

    Sanchit Kumar, Angela M. Victoria-Castro, Hannah Melchinger, Kyle D. O’Connor, Nihar R. Desai, Tariq Ahmad & F. Perry Wilson

  2. Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, VA, USA

    Mitchell Psotka

  3. Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA

    Nihar R. Desai & Tariq Ahmad

  4. Department of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA

    F. Perry Wilson

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  1. Sanchit Kumar
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This article did not involve research in human participants or animals.

Conflict of interest

ND works under contract with the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to develop and maintain performance measures used for public reporting and pay for performance programs. ND reports research grants and consulting for Amgen, Astra Zeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cytokinetics, Novartis, SC Pharmaceuticals, and Vifor.

FPW is supported by NIH grants (R01DK113191, P30DK079310), AHRQ grant (R01HS027626) and reports research support from AstraZeneca, Whoop, Vifor Pharma and Boehringer Ingelheim.

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The authors Sanchit Kumar, Angela M. Victoria-Castro, and Hannah Melchinger are co-first authors.

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Kumar, S., Victoria-Castro, A.M., Melchinger, H. et al. Wearables in Cardiovascular Disease. J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res. 16, 557–568 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12265-022-10314-0

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