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Biomaterials to Prevascularize Engineered Tissues

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Abstract

Tissue engineering promises to restore tissue and organ function following injury or failure by creating functional and transplantable artificial tissues. The development of artificial tissues with dimensions that exceed the diffusion limit (1–2 mm) will require nutrients and oxygen to be delivered via perfusion (or convection) rather than diffusion alone. One strategy of perfusion is to prevascularize tissues; that is, a network of blood vessels is created within the tissue construct prior to implantation, which has the potential to significantly shorten the time of functional vascular perfusion from the host. The prevascularized network of vessels requires an extracellular matrix or scaffold for 3D support, which can be either natural or synthetic. This review surveys the commonly used biomaterials for prevascularizing 3D tissue engineering constructs.

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Acknowledgments

This work is funded, in part, by grants from the National Institutes of Health (RC1 ES018361 and R21 HL104203) and a training grant from the California Institute of Regenerative Medicine.

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  1. The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA

    Lei Tian & Steven C. George

  2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA

    Lei Tian & Steven C. George

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA

    Steven C. George

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Tian, L., George, S.C. Biomaterials to Prevascularize Engineered Tissues. J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res. 4, 685–698 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12265-011-9301-3

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