Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Immunohistochemical Study of Glypican-3 and HepPar-1 in Differentiating Hepatocellular Carcinoma from Metastatic Carcinomas in FNA of the Liver

  • Research
  • Published:
Pathology & Oncology Research

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a common malignant cancer worldwide, it is considered the fifth most common malignant cancer. On the other hand, metastatic tumors are widespread in the liver , with metastatic adenocarcinoma (MA) constituting the greatest part, therefore differentiation of HCC from MA is a frequent problem facing the pathologist especially in liver fine-needle aspiration biopsies. Evaluating the diagnostic value of glypican-3 (GPC-3) and HepPar-1 immunostaining in differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma from metastatic tumors in liver cell block material. Fourty eight cell blocks prepared from FNA from the liver ( 30 cases HCC, 18 cases metastatic carcinoma in liver ) stained by Glypican -3 and HepPar-1 immunohistochemical markers. Glypican-3 was immunoexpressed in 97 % of cases of HCC while all cases of metastatic carcinoma were negative . HepPar-1 was expressed in 93 % of cases of HCC and 11 % of metastatic carcinoma of the liver . In this study the sensitivity of GPC3 in the diagnosis of HCC in cytological material was 96.7% and the specificity was 100% while the sensitivity and specificity of HepPar-1 was 93.3 % and 88.9 % respectively. Immunohistochemical staining for GPC-3 in cell block material of the liver is highly sensitive and specific and it is a valuable tool capable of differentiating HCC from most of metastatic tumors of the liver.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. El Serag HB (2002) Hepatocellullar carcinoma:an epidemiologic view. J Clin Gastroenterol 35(5 suppl 2):S72–S78

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Waly Raphael S, Yangde Z and Yuxiang C (2012)Hepatocellular carcinom :focus on different aspects of management.ISRN Oncol;2012: 421673

  3. National Cancer Instiute Cairo (2010) Cancer registry 2002-2007. Website: www.Nci.edu.eg.data

  4. Anwar AA, Khaled HM, Amra H et al (2008) Changing pattern of hepatocellullar carcinoma (HCC) and its risk factors in Egypt: possibilities for prevention. Mutat Res 659:176–184

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Aleem E, Elshayeb A, Elhabschi N, Mansour AR, Gowily A, Hela A (2012) Serum IGFBP-1 is a more effective predictor than IGF-1 and IGF-2 for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic HCV infection. Oncol Lett 3(3):704–712

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Choi BI (2004) The current status of imaging diagnosis of hepatocellullar carcinoma. Liver Transpl 10(2 suppl 1):S20–S25

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Ligato S, Mandich D, Richard W (2008) Utility of glypican-3 in differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma from other primary and metastatic lesions in FNA of the liver: an immunocytochemical study. Mod Pathol 21:626–631

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Kakar S, Gown AM, Goodman ZD, Ferrell LD (2007) Best practices in diagnostic immunohistochemistry: hepatocellular carcinoma versus metastatic neoplasms. Archit Pathol Lab 131:1648–1654

    Google Scholar 

  9. Kandil D, Cooper K (2009) Glypican-3 a novel diagnostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma and more. Adv Anat Pathol 16:125–129

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Yamauchi N, Watanabe A, Hishinuma M et al (2005) The glypican 3 oncofetal protein is a promising diagnostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Mod Pathol 18:1591–1598

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Suriawinata A, Thung SN (2010) Molecular signature of early hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol 78:36–39

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Anatelli F, Chuang S, Yang X, Wang H (2008) Value of glypican 3 immunostaining in the diagnosis of hepatocellullar carcinoma on needle biopsy. Am J Clin Pathol 130:219–223

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Di Tommaso L, Franchi G, Park YN et al (2007) Diagnostic value of HSP70, glypican 3 and glutamine synthetase in hepatocellullar nodules in cirrhosis. Hepatology 45:725–734

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Shafizadeh N, Ferrell LD, Kakar S (2008) Utility and limitations of glypican-3 expression for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma at both ends of the differentiation spectrum. Mod Pathol 21:1011–1018

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Yan BC, Gong C, Song J et al (2010) Arginase-1: a new immunohistochemical marker of hepatocytes and hepatocellular neoplasms. Am J Surg Pathol 34:1147–1154

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Hajosi-Kalcakosz S, Dezso K, Buggik E et al (2012) Enhancer of zeste homologue 2(EZH2) is a reliable immunohistochemical marker to differentiate malignant and bengin hepatic tumors. Diagn Pathol 7:86

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Thiese ND,Curado MP and Franceschi S (2010) Hepatocellullar carcinoma .In WHO classification of tumors of the digestive system .4th edition .Edited by Bosman FT, Carneiro F,Hruban RH, Thiese ND. Lyon, France IARC Press:205-216

  18. Ishak KG,Goodman ZD and Stocker JT (2001) Tumor of liver and intrahepatic bile ducts: in :Atlas of tumor pathology, 3rd series,Fascicle 31. Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology; 9-48

  19. Sternberg SS, Mills SE, Carter D (2010) Sternberg s diagnostic surgical pathology, 5th edn. Wolter Kluwer Lippincott Williams& Wilkins, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  20. Wee A (2011) Fine needle aspiration biopsy of hepatocellullar carcinoma and hepatocellular nodular lesions: role, controversies and approach to diagnosis. Cytopathology 22:287–305

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Ceyhan K, Kupana SA, Bektas M et al (2007) The diagnostic value of on-site cytopathological evaluation and cell block preparation in fine needle aspiration cytology of liver masses. Cytopathology 17:267–274

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Shiran MS, Isa MR, Sherina MS, Rampal L, Hairuszah I, Sabariah AR (2006) The utility of hepatocyte paraffin-1 antibody in the immunohistochemical distinction of hepatocellular carcinoma from cholangiocarcinoma and metastatic carcinoma. Malays J Pathol 28(2):87–92

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Shirakawa H, Kuronuma T, Nishimura Y (2009) Glypican-3 as a useful diagnostic marker for a component of hepatocellullar carcinoma in human liver cancer. Int J Oncol 34:649–656

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Abdelgawad IA, Mossallam GI, Radwan NH, Elzawahry HM, Elhifnawy NM (2013) Can glypican-3 be diagnostic for early hepatocellular carcinoma among Egyptian patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 14:7345–7349

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Zaakook M, Ayoub M, Sinna EA, El-Sheik S (2013) Role of glypican-3 immunocytochemistry in differentiatating hepatocellullar carcinoma from metastatic carcinima of the liver utilizing fine needle aspiration cytology. J Egypt Nati Inst Dec 25(4):173–80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Nasser A, Cohen C, Siddiqui MT (2009) Utility of glypican-3 and survivin in differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma from benign and preneoplastic hepatic lesions and metastatic carcinomas in liver fine- needle aspiration biopsies. Diagn Cytopathol 37(9):629–35

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. McKnight R, Nassar A, Cohen C, Siddiqui MT (2012) Arginase-1: a novel immunohistochemical marker of hepatocellullar differentiation in fine needle aspiration cytology. Cancer Cytopathol 120:223–229

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Fujiwara M, Kwok S, Yano H, Pai RK (2012) Arginase-1 is a more sensitivemarker of hepatic differentiation than HepPar-1 and Glypican-3 in fine needle aspiration biopsies. Cancer Cytopathol 120:230–237

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Timek DT, Shi J, Liu H, Lin F (2012) Arginase-1, HepPar-1 and Glypican-3 are the most effective panel of markers in differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma from metastatic tumor on fine needle aspiration specimens. Am J Clin Pathol 138:203–210

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Radwan NA, Ahmed NS (2012) The diagnostic value of arginase-1 immunostaining in differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma from metastatic carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma as compared to HepPar-1. Diagn Pathol 7:149

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine- Zagazig University, Al Sharqiyah, Egypt

    Taiseer R. Ibrahim & Samar M. Abdel-Raouf

Authors
  1. Taiseer R. Ibrahim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Samar M. Abdel-Raouf
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Samar M. Abdel-Raouf.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ibrahim, T.R., Abdel-Raouf, S.M. Immunohistochemical Study of Glypican-3 and HepPar-1 in Differentiating Hepatocellular Carcinoma from Metastatic Carcinomas in FNA of the Liver. Pathol. Oncol. Res. 21, 379–387 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12253-014-9830-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12253-014-9830-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation