Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Integrated Sensing and Processing Acoustic Resonance Spectrometry (ISP-ARS) for Sample Classification

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This research introduces a novel process analytical technique, integrated sensing and processing acoustic resonance spectrometry (ISP-ARS), and compares ISP-ARS with conventional full-spectrum ARS for the characterization of solid fuel premixes used in a new pill safe designed to protect narcotics. In ISP-ARS, the acoustic excitation waveform is the analog implementation of the chemometric weight function, encoded for this work on an MP3 player and used to distinguish between fuel samples, sparing post-collection multivariate computation. In effect, the detector directly outputs the sample identity. Repeated measurements of batches of similar fuel mixtures over time produce an automatic projection of similar spectra into corresponding three-dimensional probability density contours, thus, forming the analyte classification directly. For the characterization of ten different fuel mixtures, full spectral ARS resulted in a median intermixture distance in multidimensional standard deviations (MSDs) of 185.1, while ISP-ARS resulted in a median MSD distance of 81.3. The median cross-validation MSD was 1.41 for the ARS and 1.58 for the ISP-ARS. Distances in MSDs greater than three are considered separable, and MSDs less than three are indistinguishable. The classification procedure correctly identified all samples for both analytical techniques. ISP-ARS is an effective, simpler, and more rapid alternative to full spectrum ARS that can be implemented with a commercial MP3 player and used as an inexpensive spectrometric sensor for dynamic data-driven application simulations (DDDAS) and process analytical applications.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Kunkler-Peck AJ, Turvey MT. Hearing shape. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 2000;26:279–94, (February).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Woodcock J. US Food and Drug Administration. http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/02/briefing/3869B1_08_woodcock/sld001.htm. Retrieved Oct. 6, 2006.

  3. Kac M. Can one hear the shape of a drum? Am Math Mon 1966;73(part II):1–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Gordon C, Webb D, Wolpert S. Isospectral plane domains and surfaces via Riemannian orbifolds. Invent Math 1992;110:1–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Chapman SJ. Drums that sound the sameAmer Math Monthly 1995;102:124–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Cipra B. You can’t hear the shape of a drum. Science 1992;255:1642–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Buser P, Conway J, Doyle P, Semmler K. Some planar isospectral domains. Int Math Res Not 1994;391–400.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Berard P. Transplantation et isospectralite. Math Ann 1992;292:547–59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Kuttler JR, Sigillito VG. Eigenvalues of the Laplacian in two dimensions. SIAM Rev 1984;26:163–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Bank R. PLTMG Users’ Guide 7.0: A software package for solving elliptic partial differential equations. Philadelphia, PASIAM 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Fox L, Henrici P, Moler C. Approximations and bounds for eigenvalues of elliptic operators. SIAM J Numer Anal 1967;4:89–102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. DARPA Defense Sciences Office. “Integrated sensing and processing.” Retrieved 02 May 2006. http://www.darpa.mil/dso/thrust/math/isp.htm/.

  13. Buice RG Jr, Pinkston P, Lodder RAA. pp Spec 1994;(4)84:517–24.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Medendorp JP, Lodder RA. Acoustic-resonance spectrometry as a process analytical technology for rapid and accurate tablet identificationAAPS PharmSciTech 2006;7(1):Article 25. DOI 10.1208/pt070125.

  15. Medendorp JP, Buice RG Jr, Lodder RA. AAPS PharmSciTech 2007 (in press).

  16. Dukhin AS, Goetz PJ. Langmuir. 1996;12:4987–97.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Kaatze U, Wehrmann B, Pottel RJ. Phys E: Sci Instrum 1987;20:1025–30.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Bolotnikov M, Neruchev Y. J Chem Eng Data 2003;48:411–5.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Leveque G, Ferrandis J, Van Est J, Cros B. Rev Sci Instrum 2000;71(3):1433–40.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Serris E, Camby-Perier L, Thomas G, Desfontaines M, Fantozzi G. Powd Tech 2002;128(2–3):296–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. ReynaudP, Dubois J, Rouby D, Fantozzi G. Ceram Intern 1992:18(6):391–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Martin L, Poret J, Danon A, Rosen M. Mat Sci Eng. 1998;A252:27–35.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Medendorp JP, Fackler JA, Henninger T, Dieter W, Lodder RAJ Pharm Innov 2006;1:54–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Medendorp JP, Lodder RA. J Chemometrics 2005;19:533–2.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Krzanowski, WJ. Principles of multivariate analysis. Oxford University Press, 1988.

  26. Western Red Cedar Physical Properties. Bear Creek Lumber. Retrieved 1 March 2005 http://www.bearcreeklumber.com/generalinfo/onlineliterature/technicalinfohtml/wrcphysicalproperties.html/.

Download references

Acknowledgement

This research was supported, in part, by NSF CNS-0540178, NIH N01AA33003, and the Kentucky Science and Engineering Foundation.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, A123 ASTeCC Building, Lexington, KY, 40506-0286, USA

    Jason A. Fackler & Robert A. Lodder

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA

    Joseph P. Medendorp & Robert A. Lodder

  3. Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA

    Craig C. Douglas

Authors
  1. Joseph P. Medendorp
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jason A. Fackler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Craig C. Douglas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Robert A. Lodder
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Robert A. Lodder.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Medendorp, J.P., Fackler, J.A., Douglas, C.C. et al. Integrated Sensing and Processing Acoustic Resonance Spectrometry (ISP-ARS) for Sample Classification. J Pharm Innov 2, 125–134 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12247-007-9014-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12247-007-9014-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation