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Nonlinear Interaction Between the Tide and the Storm Surge with the Current due to the River Flow in the Río de la Plata

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Abstract

The Río de la Plata estuary (RdP) is characterized by the large flow of its tributary rivers (Q), with an average of 22,000 m3 s− 1 and an interannual variability range from 8000 to 90,000 m3 s− 1. In this work, the hypothesis that the current due to that flow (CDR) interacts nonlinearly with both the tides and storm surges is evaluated utilizing water level observations and numerical simulations. Two tide gauge time series gathered at the freshwater tidal zone (FTZ) of the RdP are analyzed with the novel surrogate analysis. The analysis is applied for periods of high, medium and low Q. Results show that both interactions occur at the upper half of the FTZ and increase with Q. Harmonic analyses support the surrogate analysis’ conclusions and show that tide-CDR interaction redistributes the energy among tidal harmonics, increasing asymmetry. Numerical simulations confirm that (i) both interactions maximize at the upper half of the FTZ and decrease downstream; and (ii) they are modulated by Q; a rise of about 14,000 m3 s− 1 (interquartile range) can produce an intensification of 50% and 100% of the amplitudes of the tide-CDR and surge-CDR interactions, respectively; and (iii) both interactions introduce asymmetries in the water level, with faster rises and slower falls; (iv) the quadratic bottom friction is the main source of both interactions; (v) tide-CDR interaction represents 12% of the water level associated with the tide, whereas surge-CDR interaction accounts for 5% of the surge peak; and (vi) the interactions are significant in the upper FTZ because there, the magnitude of the currents associated with the tide and the surge are comparable to CDR; downstream, the channel widens and CDR decreases.

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Acknowledgments

Matías G. Dinápoli participation was possible thanks to ANPCyT and CONICET PhD fellowships. The authors are grateful to the Instituto Nacional del Agua and the Servicio de Hidrografía Naval for sharing the continental discharge and water level data, respectively. Finally, the authors are also grateful to Reviewer 2 for his or her careful reading of the manuscript and constructive comments and suggestions, which contributed to a significant improvement of this work.

Funding

This study was funded by the National Agency for Scientific and Technological Research of Argentina (ANPCyT) PICT 2014-2672 Project, the Programa de Investigación y Desarrollo para la Defensa del MINDEF (PIDDEF) 14-14 Project, and the UBACYT 20020150100118BA directed by Claudia G. Simionato.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II - 2do, Piso Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Matías G. Dinápoli, Claudia G. Simionato & Diego Moreira

  2. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA), CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II - 2do, Piso Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Matías G. Dinápoli, Claudia G. Simionato & Diego Moreira

  3. CNRS - IRD - CONICET - UBA, Instituto Franco-Argentino para el Estudio del Clima y sus Impactos (UMI 3351 IFAECI), Pabellón II - 2do, Piso Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Matías G. Dinápoli, Claudia G. Simionato & Diego Moreira

  4. Intendente Güiraldes 2160 (Ciudad Universitaria), Pabellón II - 2do, Piso Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Matías G. Dinápoli

  5. Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y los Océanos, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II - 2do, Piso Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Claudia G. Simionato & Diego Moreira

Authors
  1. Matías G. Dinápoli
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  2. Claudia G. Simionato
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  3. Diego Moreira
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Matías G. Dinápoli.

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Communicated by Arnoldo Valle-Levinson

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Dinápoli, M.G., Simionato, C.G. & Moreira, D. Nonlinear Interaction Between the Tide and the Storm Surge with the Current due to the River Flow in the Río de la Plata. Estuaries and Coasts 44, 939–959 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-020-00844-8

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